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Peer-reviewedCC BYJournal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association

Maternal neighborhood deprivation and its association with early childhood neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely preterm infants

  • Cherise Brackett1
  • Stephanie Diggs2
  • Lisa Letzkus3
  • Angela Gummadi1
  • Colm P. Travers4
  • Rachel Benz4
  • Zachary Vesoulis2
  • Amanda Duncan2
  • Rakesh Sahni5
  • N. Ambalavanan4
  • Karen Fairchild1
  • Pavel Chernyavskiy6
1 more authors
  • Brynne Sullivan1
6 affiliations
  1. 1University of Virginia School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology
  2. 2Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine
  3. 3University of Virginia School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neurodevelopmental & Behavioral Pediatrics
  4. 4University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology
  5. 5Columbia University, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology and Perinatology
  6. 6University of Virginia School of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Division of Biostatistics
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate whether maternal Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at age 2 in extremely preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of infants <29 weeks' gestation at four NICUs spanning multiple US regions. We analyzed the relationship between ADI and NDI, defined as no/mild, moderate, or severe based on the lowest component score on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development exam, using a Bayesian ordinal cumulative logit hurdle model. Adjustments included sex, birthweight, maternal race/ethnicity, outborn, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, and late-onset sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis. RESULTS: Of 1278 infants studied, 275 underwent a Bayley exam. Lower birthweight, male sex, and inborn status were associated with undergoing a Bayley exam. Higher ADI, lower birthweight, male sex, and late-onset sepsis were linked to more severe NDI. ADI was independently associated with NDI risk. CONCLUSION: Maternal deprivation measured by ADI was associated with NDI risk.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{brackett2026maternal,
  title = {{Maternal neighborhood deprivation and its association with early childhood neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely preterm infants}},
  author = {Cherise Brackett and Stephanie Diggs and Lisa Letzkus and Angela Gummadi and Colm P. Travers and Rachel Benz and Zachary Vesoulis and Amanda Duncan and Rakesh Sahni and N. Ambalavanan and Karen Fairchild and Pavel Chernyavskiy and Brynne Sullivan},
  journal = {Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1038/s41372-026-02898-1},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-026-02898-1},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Maternal neighborhood deprivation and its association with early childhood neurodevelopmental impairment in extremely preterm infants
AU  - Cherise Brackett
AU  - Stephanie Diggs
AU  - Lisa Letzkus
AU  - Angela Gummadi
AU  - Colm P. Travers
AU  - Rachel Benz
AU  - Zachary Vesoulis
AU  - Amanda Duncan
AU  - Rakesh Sahni
AU  - N. Ambalavanan
AU  - Karen Fairchild
AU  - Pavel Chernyavskiy
AU  - Brynne Sullivan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/10
JO  - Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association
DO  - 10.1038/s41372-026-02898-1
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-026-02898-1
AB  - OBJECTIVE: Evaluate whether maternal Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at age 2 in extremely preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of infants <29 weeks' gestation at four NICUs spanning multiple US regions. We analyzed the relationship between ADI and NDI, defined as no/mild, moderate, or severe based on the lowest component score on the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development exam, using a Bayesian ordinal cumulative logit hurdle model. Adjustments included sex, birthweight, maternal race/ethnicity, outborn, severe intraventricular hemorrhage, and late-onset sepsis or necrotizing enterocolitis. RESULTS: Of 1278 infants studied, 275 underwent a Bayley exam. Lower birthweight, male sex, and inborn status were associated with undergoing a Bayley exam. Higher ADI, lower birthweight, male sex, and late-onset sepsis were linked to more severe NDI. ADI was independently associated with NDI risk. CONCLUSION: Maternal deprivation measured by ADI was associated with NDI risk.
SN  - 0743-8346
SN  - 1476-5543
ER  -