Calcium Alginate/Polyaniline-PSS Core–Shell Particles: Synthesis and Multi-Mechanism Water Vapor Adsorption Behavior
- 1Institute of Materials, Biology and Environment , 17 Hoang Sam , Nghia Do, ,
- 2Vietnam Military Medical University , 160 Phung Hung, Phuc La , Ha Dong, ,
- 3University of Science, Vietnam National University , , Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong , Cua Nam, ,
Abstract
Core–shell composite particles combining a calcium alginate (Alg-Ca) hydrogel core with a polyaniline/polystyrene sulfonic acid (PANi/PSS) conductive polymer shell were synthesized and evaluated for water vapor adsorption applications. The resulting particles exhibited a well-defined, phase-separated architecture, comprising a highly hydrated, porous hydrogel core encapsulated by a structurally and chemically distinct shell, consistent with successful incorporation of the sulfonated conductive polymer onto the surface of the alginate network. The core and shell regions displayed markedly different thermal decomposition behavior, confirming their compositional distinction and demonstrating that the composite retains thermal stability within the operating range typical of gas-sensing applications. Kinetic analysis of water vapor adsorption as a function of relative humidity (RH, 50–95%) and temperature (25–45 °C) revealed a systematic transition among pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich kinetic models. At moderate RH, adsorption was governed by chemically homogeneous interactions at polar functional groups, while at near-saturation RH, the mechanism shifted toward multilayer adsorption and capillary condensation. Temperature-dependent measurements at fixed RH further revealed an unusual diffusion–reaction–diffusion transition across the studied temperature range. Across three adsorption–regeneration cycles, adsorption capacity increased progressively while the dominant kinetic model at each condition remained unchanged, indicating that regeneration preserves the fundamental water–material interaction mechanism while increasing the number of accessible active sites. These findings establish Alg-Ca@PANI–PSS as a structurally robust, reusable, and mechanistically well-characterized composite for humidity-responsive and gas-sensing applications.
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BibTeX
@article{linh2026calcium,
title = {{Calcium Alginate/Polyaniline-PSS Core–Shell Particles: Synthesis and Multi-Mechanism Water Vapor Adsorption Behavior}},
author = {Tran Thi Khanh Linh and Khuat Thi Thanh Tu and Dao The Nam and Vu Minh Thanh and Nguyen Thi Huong},
journal = {ACS Omega},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1021/acsomega.6c09889},
url = {https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c09889/5459537/Calcium-Alginate-Polyaniline-PSS-Core-Shell},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Calcium Alginate/Polyaniline-PSS Core–Shell Particles: Synthesis and Multi-Mechanism Water Vapor Adsorption Behavior
AU - Tran Thi Khanh Linh
AU - Khuat Thi Thanh Tu
AU - Dao The Nam
AU - Vu Minh Thanh
AU - Nguyen Thi Huong
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
JO - ACS Omega
DO - 10.1021/acsomega.6c09889
UR - https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/doi/10.1021/acsomega.6c09889/5459537/Calcium-Alginate-Polyaniline-PSS-Core-Shell
AB - Core–shell composite particles combining a calcium alginate (Alg-Ca) hydrogel core with a polyaniline/polystyrene sulfonic acid (PANi/PSS) conductive polymer shell were synthesized and evaluated for water vapor adsorption applications. The resulting particles exhibited a well-defined, phase-separated architecture, comprising a highly hydrated, porous hydrogel core encapsulated by a structurally and chemically distinct shell, consistent with successful incorporation of the sulfonated conductive polymer onto the surface of the alginate network. The core and shell regions displayed markedly different thermal decomposition behavior, confirming their compositional distinction and demonstrating that the composite retains thermal stability within the operating range typical of gas-sensing applications. Kinetic analysis of water vapor adsorption as a function of relative humidity (RH, 50–95%) and temperature (25–45 °C) revealed a systematic transition among pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and Elovich kinetic models. At moderate RH, adsorption was governed by chemically homogeneous interactions at polar functional groups, while at near-saturation RH, the mechanism shifted toward multilayer adsorption and capillary condensation. Temperature-dependent measurements at fixed RH further revealed an unusual diffusion–reaction–diffusion transition across the studied temperature range. Across three adsorption–regeneration cycles, adsorption capacity increased progressively while the dominant kinetic model at each condition remained unchanged, indicating that regeneration preserves the fundamental water–material interaction mechanism while increasing the number of accessible active sites. These findings establish Alg-Ca@PANI–PSS as a structurally robust, reusable, and mechanistically well-characterized composite for humidity-responsive and gas-sensing applications.
SN - 2470-1343
ER -