Encoding and decoding of acupuncture-evoked electrical signals and their value in acupuncture–brain-computer interface-integrated closed-loop regulation
- 1Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100040, China (中国中医科学院眼科医院神经眼科， 北京100040， 中国)
- 2Corresponding author.
Abstract
Acupuncture, a traditional peripheral stimulation therapy, is supported by extensive clinical and biological evidence of its therapeutic efficacy. Essentially, it functions as a biological regulatory system that modulates neural activity through interventions applied to the body surface. In recent years, the relationship between acupuncture and electrical signals has garnered increasing attention. Acupuncture stimulation can induce characteristic electrophysiological responses in the central nervous system, demonstrating a degree of acupoint specificity and informational complexity. Concurrently, brain-computer interface (BCI) technology has established a bidirectional, closed-loop regulatory framework, spanning the “reading” and “decoding” of neural electrical signals. Based on fundamental electrophysiological principles, this review systematically summarizes the characteristics of acupuncture-induced electrical signal responses from the periphery to the central nervous system. It further explores the potential of integrating acupuncture, as a minimally invasive and physiological regulatory input, into the assessment–feedback–modulation paradigm of BCIs in a parameterized manner. This integration could enable real-time and adaptive interventions for neural function. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis and research framework for developing a novel neuromodulation model that integrates acupuncture, electrical signals, and BCIs. It also highlights the key scientific questions and technical challenges involved in achieving precise and personalized regulation of neural function.
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BibTeX
@article{yanlong2026encoding,
title = {{Encoding and decoding of acupuncture-evoked electrical signals and their value in acupuncture–brain-computer interface-integrated closed-loop regulation}},
author = {Yan-long LI and Ying WANG and Si-yu LONG and Wan-yu SUN and Yue LI and Wen-xin JIAO and Jia-ning WANG and Ji-lu LIN},
journal = {World Journal of Acupuncture - Moxibustion},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.wjam.2026.09.006},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wjam.2026.09.006},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Encoding and decoding of acupuncture-evoked electrical signals and their value in acupuncture–brain-computer interface-integrated closed-loop regulation
AU - Yan-long LI
AU - Ying WANG
AU - Si-yu LONG
AU - Wan-yu SUN
AU - Yue LI
AU - Wen-xin JIAO
AU - Jia-ning WANG
AU - Ji-lu LIN
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - World Journal of Acupuncture - Moxibustion
DO - 10.1016/j.wjam.2026.09.006
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wjam.2026.09.006
AB - Acupuncture, a traditional peripheral stimulation therapy, is supported by extensive clinical and biological evidence of its therapeutic efficacy. Essentially, it functions as a biological regulatory system that modulates neural activity through interventions applied to the body surface. In recent years, the relationship between acupuncture and electrical signals has garnered increasing attention. Acupuncture stimulation can induce characteristic electrophysiological responses in the central nervous system, demonstrating a degree of acupoint specificity and informational complexity. Concurrently, brain-computer interface (BCI) technology has established a bidirectional, closed-loop regulatory framework, spanning the “reading” and “decoding” of neural electrical signals. Based on fundamental electrophysiological principles, this review systematically summarizes the characteristics of acupuncture-induced electrical signal responses from the periphery to the central nervous system. It further explores the potential of integrating acupuncture, as a minimally invasive and physiological regulatory input, into the assessment–feedback–modulation paradigm of BCIs in a parameterized manner. This integration could enable real-time and adaptive interventions for neural function. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis and research framework for developing a novel neuromodulation model that integrates acupuncture, electrical signals, and BCIs. It also highlights the key scientific questions and technical challenges involved in achieving precise and personalized regulation of neural function.
SN - 1003-5257
SN - 2773-0751
ER -