Positivity constraints on the dynamics of cusped impurities in CFTs
Abstract
The cusp anomalous dimension is the universal logarithmic contribution to the free energy of a line defect with a cusp, and provides a useful observable characterizing defect dynamics. We generalize this notion to cusped line defects in the presence of a planar conformal boundary or interface. The geometry is characterized by three angles, and the distance of the cusp from the boundary or interface which separates short-distance and long-distance regimes. The resulting free energy contains two large logarithmic terms: a short-distance contribution governed by the usual vacuum cusp anomalous dimension, and a new long-distance contribution sensitive to the boundary or interface. Using reflection positivity for transverse deformations of the defect rays, we derive several constraints on the coefficients of these logarithmic terms, which can be packaged into negative semi-definiteness of their angular Hessians. We also derive constraints on the continuation of these coefficients to Lorentzian kinematics. We compute these coefficients and verify the constraints explicitly in free scalar and Maxwell theories and in planar 𝒩=4 super-Yang-Mills theory at weak coupling for various choices of boundary conditions. At strong coupling, we compute the logarithmic coefficients in the holographic D3-D5 defect CFT and find a Gross-Ooguri-like phase transition between competing string worldsheets driven by the geometry of the cusp relative to the interface. We also observe a close connection of the cusp free energy in this setup with holographic corner entanglement entropy.
Related
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- Finite-temperature mass gap and quench dynamics of mobile impurities in a Fermi gas
- Unitarity and Positivity Constraints on C- or P-odd Anomalous Quartic Couplings
- Charge dynamics at nitrogen impurities and nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
- Cusped Defects: Cusp Operator Expansion, Conformal Properties and Bootstrap Applications
BibTeX
@misc{chandra2026positivity,
title = {{Positivity constraints on the dynamics of cusped impurities in CFTs}},
author = {Jeevan Chandra},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2608.28531},
eprint = {2608.28531},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28531},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Positivity constraints on the dynamics of cusped impurities in CFTs
AU - Jeevan Chandra
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/13
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2608.28531
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.28531
AB - The cusp anomalous dimension is the universal logarithmic contribution to the free energy of a line defect with a cusp, and provides a useful observable characterizing defect dynamics. We generalize this notion to cusped line defects in the presence of a planar conformal boundary or interface. The geometry is characterized by three angles, and the distance of the cusp from the boundary or interface which separates short-distance and long-distance regimes. The resulting free energy contains two large logarithmic terms: a short-distance contribution governed by the usual vacuum cusp anomalous dimension, and a new long-distance contribution sensitive to the boundary or interface. Using reflection positivity for transverse deformations of the defect rays, we derive several constraints on the coefficients of these logarithmic terms, which can be packaged into negative semi-definiteness of their angular Hessians. We also derive constraints on the continuation of these coefficients to Lorentzian kinematics. We compute these coefficients and verify the constraints explicitly in free scalar and Maxwell theories and in planar 𝒩=4 super-Yang-Mills theory at weak coupling for various choices of boundary conditions. At strong coupling, we compute the logarithmic coefficients in the holographic D3-D5 defect CFT and find a Gross-Ooguri-like phase transition between competing string worldsheets driven by the geometry of the cusp relative to the interface. We also observe a close connection of the cusp free energy in this setup with holographic corner entanglement entropy.
ER -