Capillary electrophoresis coupled with molecularly imprinted polymer solid phase extraction for screening malachite green and related substances
Abstract
Background: For healthcare applications of nanoparticles (NPs), their analysis and characterization are essential to obtain information on their heterogeneity regarding their size, shape, and surface chemistry or functionalization. Among the different analytical methods available, capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a well-established technique for such purpose. Nevertheless, CE approaches often suffer from unsatisfactory detection sensitivity when dealing with low NPs concentrations. In a related context, working with low NPs concentrations is essential in cellular engineering to minimize their cytotoxicity, which is notably caused by nanoparticle aggregation at high concentrations due to insufficient colloidal stability. Results: We present in this study a novel principle of dual cycles of dual-stage electrokinetic preconcentration to drastically improve the detection sensitivity for characterization of core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by CE coupled with laser-induced fluorescent (LIF) detection. This approach is based on the combination and repetition of large volume sample stacking with electroosmotic pump (LVSEP) and transient isotachophoresis (tITP) using modulation of the electro-osmotic flow without recourse to any capillary coating. This dual cycle LVSEP-tITP approach allows enrichment of the MNPs having heterogeneous mobilities from a sample volume equivalent to 170 % of the total capillary volume. To demonstrate the significance of dual cycle LVSEP-tITP, the preconcentration principle was applied for CE-LIF of different populations of labelled core-shell MNPs functionalized with sulfobetaine having different sizes (40 and 125 nm) and forms (spherical and non-spherical), offering enrichment factors up to 110-fold compared to that obtained with CE-LIF without the preconcentration steps.
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BibTeX
@article{luu2026capillary,
title = {{Capillary electrophoresis coupled with molecularly imprinted polymer solid phase extraction for screening malachite green and related substances}},
author = {Thi Huyen Trang Luu and Thanh Hien Tran and Tuan Minh Nguyen and Thi Trang Vu and Quoc Anh Hoang and Anh Phuong Vu and Thi Kim Thuong Nguyen and Thi Minh Thu Nguyen and Bach Pham and Thi Ngoc Mai Pham and Thi Anh Huong Nguyen and Thanh Duc Mai},
journal = {Talanta Open},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1016/j.talo.2026.100683},
url = {https://universite-paris-saclay.hal.science/hal-05768507v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Capillary electrophoresis coupled with molecularly imprinted polymer solid phase extraction for screening malachite green and related substances
AU - Thi Huyen Trang Luu
AU - Thanh Hien Tran
AU - Tuan Minh Nguyen
AU - Thi Trang Vu
AU - Quoc Anh Hoang
AU - Anh Phuong Vu
AU - Thi Kim Thuong Nguyen
AU - Thi Minh Thu Nguyen
AU - Bach Pham
AU - Thi Ngoc Mai Pham
AU - Thi Anh Huong Nguyen
AU - Thanh Duc Mai
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/09
JO - Talanta Open
DO - 10.1016/j.talo.2026.100683
UR - https://universite-paris-saclay.hal.science/hal-05768507v1
AB - Background: For healthcare applications of nanoparticles (NPs), their analysis and characterization are essential to obtain information on their heterogeneity regarding their size, shape, and surface chemistry or functionalization. Among the different analytical methods available, capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a well-established technique for such purpose. Nevertheless, CE approaches often suffer from unsatisfactory detection sensitivity when dealing with low NPs concentrations. In a related context, working with low NPs concentrations is essential in cellular engineering to minimize their cytotoxicity, which is notably caused by nanoparticle aggregation at high concentrations due to insufficient colloidal stability. Results: We present in this study a novel principle of dual cycles of dual-stage electrokinetic preconcentration to drastically improve the detection sensitivity for characterization of core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) by CE coupled with laser-induced fluorescent (LIF) detection. This approach is based on the combination and repetition of large volume sample stacking with electroosmotic pump (LVSEP) and transient isotachophoresis (tITP) using modulation of the electro-osmotic flow without recourse to any capillary coating. This dual cycle LVSEP-tITP approach allows enrichment of the MNPs having heterogeneous mobilities from a sample volume equivalent to 170 % of the total capillary volume. To demonstrate the significance of dual cycle LVSEP-tITP, the preconcentration principle was applied for CE-LIF of different populations of labelled core-shell MNPs functionalized with sulfobetaine having different sizes (40 and 125 nm) and forms (spherical and non-spherical), offering enrichment factors up to 110-fold compared to that obtained with CE-LIF without the preconcentration steps.
SN - 2666-8319
ER -