ZnO/NiMoO₄n-n heterojunction with enhanced carrier separation for persulfate-assisted sonocatalytic removal of methylene blue.
4 affiliations
- 1College of Science, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang 110142, China.
- 2Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116000, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
- 3School of New Energy, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315336, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
- 4Shenyang Key Laboratory for Causes and Drug Discovery of Chronic Diesases, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China; Liaoning Technology Innovation Center for Natural Product Pharmaceuticals, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China. Electronic address: [email protected].
Abstract
A series of ZnO/NiMoO₄ composites was prepared and assessed for sonocatalytic removal of methylene blue (MB), used as a representative dye pollutant. Among the synthesized materials, the composite containing 30 wt% ZnO (ZN-30) displayed the highest activity. Optimal conditions comprised a catalyst dosage of 1.0 g/L, an initial solution pH of 7.20, ultrasonic power of 500 W, and an initial MB concentration of 3 mg/L. At these settings, removal of MB by ZN-30 reached 96.43 ± 1.71% within 120 min. The corresponding efficiencies for ZnO and NiMoO₄ alone were 64.89 ± 2.76% and 64.25 ± 0.81%, respectively. The enhanced sonocatalytic activity was attributed to the ZnO/NiMoO₄ heterojunction, which limited recombination of electron-hole (e⁻-h⁺) pairs generated during ultrasonic activation. The major species driving MB removal were hydroxyl radical, h⁺ and superoxide anion radical. Introducing K₂S₂O₈ (15 mmol/L) enabled 91.03 ± 0.76% MB removal within 30 min, substantially reducing the reaction time. ZN-30 maintained good stability and reusability during MB removal. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of heterojunction construction in enhancing sonocatalytic performance and support ZnO/NiMoO₄ composites for organic-pollutant removal through sonocatalysis.
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BibTeX
@article{he2026znonimoo₄nn,
title = {{ZnO/NiMoO₄n-n heterojunction with enhanced carrier separation for persulfate-assisted sonocatalytic removal of methylene blue.}},
author = {Ling-Ling He and Si-Qi Pan and Xin-Yi Zhao and Yang-Yang Guo and Bao-Li Xu and Chang-Wei Li and Xin Wang},
journal = {Ultrasonics sonochemistry},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1016/j.ultsonch.2026.108112},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42880194},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - ZnO/NiMoO₄n-n heterojunction with enhanced carrier separation for persulfate-assisted sonocatalytic removal of methylene blue.
AU - Ling-Ling He
AU - Si-Qi Pan
AU - Xin-Yi Zhao
AU - Yang-Yang Guo
AU - Bao-Li Xu
AU - Chang-Wei Li
AU - Xin Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/13
JO - Ultrasonics sonochemistry
DO - 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2026.108112
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42880194
AB - A series of ZnO/NiMoO₄ composites was prepared and assessed for sonocatalytic removal of methylene blue (MB), used as a representative dye pollutant. Among the synthesized materials, the composite containing 30 wt% ZnO (ZN-30) displayed the highest activity. Optimal conditions comprised a catalyst dosage of 1.0 g/L, an initial solution pH of 7.20, ultrasonic power of 500 W, and an initial MB concentration of 3 mg/L. At these settings, removal of MB by ZN-30 reached 96.43 ± 1.71% within 120 min. The corresponding efficiencies for ZnO and NiMoO₄ alone were 64.89 ± 2.76% and 64.25 ± 0.81%, respectively. The enhanced sonocatalytic activity was attributed to the ZnO/NiMoO₄ heterojunction, which limited recombination of electron-hole (e⁻-h⁺) pairs generated during ultrasonic activation. The major species driving MB removal were hydroxyl radical, h⁺ and superoxide anion radical. Introducing K₂S₂O₈ (15 mmol/L) enabled 91.03 ± 0.76% MB removal within 30 min, substantially reducing the reaction time. ZN-30 maintained good stability and reusability during MB removal. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of heterojunction construction in enhancing sonocatalytic performance and support ZnO/NiMoO₄ composites for organic-pollutant removal through sonocatalysis.
SN - 1350-4177
SN - 1873-2828
ER -