Clustered heterogeneity, spiking history and efficient silencing maximize mutual information in adaptive time encoding
- 1University of Ottawa
Abstract
Neurons involved in a computation are remarkably diverse. They display a range of thresholds, time scales and spiking history dependence, and often exhibit adaptation that enhances computational power by concentrating spikes at transient stimuli. We seek basic organizational principles for coding with cellular heterogeneity by focusing on the encoding and retrieval of inter-event time interval sequences by adaptive neurons. We formulate the general input-output mutual information maximization problem for parallel neurons with a fading memory of past intervals. The solution reveals an unexpected multi-variate heterogeneity that is tailored to encode information efficiently. Gradient ascent on mutual information produces a number of parameterized clusters bounded by the sequence length. Correlations between parameters emerge naturally. The predicted covariation of adaptation time with spiking history strength, and the optimal combination of history and non-history cells, agree with experiments. Threshold optimization yields a continuum of time constants and thresholds within each cluster. Strikingly, division of labour between neurons arises where subsets respond selectively to different interval ranges. This creates cell-specific interval ranges that tile reasonably well a uniform prior of intervals, and almost perfectly a scale-free prior, producing a code that is efficient in cell number and reduces metabolic cost by limiting spike rates.
Related
- Clustered inputs engage dendritic nonlinearities and calcium signaling to support efficient place-field formation in CA1 pyramidal neurons
- Suboptimal human inference reflects an efficient and flexible information bottleneck
- INFORME: coupling information-theoretic experimental design with nonlinear mixed-effects modeling for efficient observation scheduling
- Assisting patients with reliable information gathering: A guide to building efficient QA systems for medical use
- Glutamine-derived NADH fuels lactate production to maximize ATP yield under oxygen consumption constraints in head and neck cancer
BibTeX
@misc{lafondmercier2026clustered,
title = {{Clustered heterogeneity, spiking history and efficient silencing maximize mutual information in adaptive time encoding}},
author = {R. Lafond-Mercier and A. Longtin and L. Maler},
howpublished = {bioRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.64898/2026.09.09.750511},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.09.750511v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Clustered heterogeneity, spiking history and efficient silencing maximize mutual information in adaptive time encoding
AU - R. Lafond-Mercier
AU - A. Longtin
AU - L. Maler
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/09
PB - bioRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.09.09.750511
UR - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.09.750511v1
AB - Neurons involved in a computation are remarkably diverse. They display a range of thresholds, time scales and spiking history dependence, and often exhibit adaptation that enhances computational power by concentrating spikes at transient stimuli. We seek basic organizational principles for coding with cellular heterogeneity by focusing on the encoding and retrieval of inter-event time interval sequences by adaptive neurons. We formulate the general input-output mutual information maximization problem for parallel neurons with a fading memory of past intervals. The solution reveals an unexpected multi-variate heterogeneity that is tailored to encode information efficiently. Gradient ascent on mutual information produces a number of parameterized clusters bounded by the sequence length. Correlations between parameters emerge naturally. The predicted covariation of adaptation time with spiking history strength, and the optimal combination of history and non-history cells, agree with experiments. Threshold optimization yields a continuum of time constants and thresholds within each cluster. Strikingly, division of labour between neurons arises where subsets respond selectively to different interval ranges. This creates cell-specific interval ranges that tile reasonably well a uniform prior of intervals, and almost perfectly a scale-free prior, producing a code that is efficient in cell number and reduces metabolic cost by limiting spike rates.
ER -