Modifiable risk factors for mild cognitive impairment: Insights from a 7‐year follow‐up cohort study among Shanghai community‐dwelling older adults
- 1Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We aimed to identify key modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among community‐dwelling older adults in Shanghai by incorporating potential China‐specific factors into established MRF frameworks at an earlier stage of Alzheimer's disease.
METHODS: Baseline cognitively normal participants from the Shanghai Brain Aging Study (N = 2464) were selected and followed for a maximum of 7 years, with demographic, lifestyle, and clinical data and comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. Cox regression and population attributable fraction (PAF) were used to quantify the contribution of MRFs to incident MCI. Sex stratification analyses were used for exploratory purposes.
RESULTS: At follow‐up, 26.7% of individuals had developed MCI. Six MRFs were included in the PAF analysis. Somatic comorbidity (diabetes or cerebral infarction, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.84), manual labor (HR = 1.47), short sleep duration (HR = 1.45), and lack of soy products (HR = 1.36) were the principal contributors. Divorced or widowed status and persistent depressive mood contributed weakly and non‐significantly. Together, these six MRFs accounted for a PAF of 19.22% after adjustment for age and education. The overall PAF was higher in females (22.94%) than in males (13.10%), with a broader range of contributing factors in females.
DISCUSSION: Six MRFs accounted for nearly 20% of MCI at the population level in this 7‐year follow‐up Shanghai community population, extending the modifiable‐risk framework from dementia to its earlier prodromal stage and providing novel insights for early dementia prevention.
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BibTeX
@article{qian2026modifiable,
title = {{Modifiable risk factors for mild cognitive impairment: Insights from a 7‐year follow‐up cohort study among Shanghai community‐dwelling older adults}},
author = {Xinyi Qian and Yuanyuan Liu and Bo Hong and Ning Su and Yehao Jiang and Wei Li and Feng Yan and Xiaochen Hu and Xia Li and Ling Yue and Shifu Xiao},
journal = {Alzheimer's \& Dementia : Diagnosis, Assessment \& Disease Monitoring},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.1002/dad2.70532},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.70532},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Modifiable risk factors for mild cognitive impairment: Insights from a 7‐year follow‐up cohort study among Shanghai community‐dwelling older adults
AU - Xinyi Qian
AU - Yuanyuan Liu
AU - Bo Hong
AU - Ning Su
AU - Yehao Jiang
AU - Wei Li
AU - Feng Yan
AU - Xiaochen Hu
AU - Xia Li
AU - Ling Yue
AU - Shifu Xiao
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/04
JO - Alzheimer's & Dementia : Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring
DO - 10.1002/dad2.70532
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.70532
AB - INTRODUCTION: We aimed to identify key modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among community‐dwelling older adults in Shanghai by incorporating potential China‐specific factors into established MRF frameworks at an earlier stage of Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: Baseline cognitively normal participants from the Shanghai Brain Aging Study (N = 2464) were selected and followed for a maximum of 7 years, with demographic, lifestyle, and clinical data and comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. Cox regression and population attributable fraction (PAF) were used to quantify the contribution of MRFs to incident MCI. Sex stratification analyses were used for exploratory purposes. RESULTS: At follow‐up, 26.7% of individuals had developed MCI. Six MRFs were included in the PAF analysis. Somatic comorbidity (diabetes or cerebral infarction, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.84), manual labor (HR = 1.47), short sleep duration (HR = 1.45), and lack of soy products (HR = 1.36) were the principal contributors. Divorced or widowed status and persistent depressive mood contributed weakly and non‐significantly. Together, these six MRFs accounted for a PAF of 19.22% after adjustment for age and education. The overall PAF was higher in females (22.94%) than in males (13.10%), with a broader range of contributing factors in females. DISCUSSION: Six MRFs accounted for nearly 20% of MCI at the population level in this 7‐year follow‐up Shanghai community population, extending the modifiable‐risk framework from dementia to its earlier prodromal stage and providing novel insights for early dementia prevention.
SN - 2352-8729
ER -