Solanidine metabolic ratios for CYP2D6 phenotyping after a standardized potato meal
- 1Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , , ,
- 2Functional Microbiome Research Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , , ,
- 3Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Hospital RWTH Aachen , , ,
Abstract
Introduction: The recent identification of the diet-derived CYP2D6 biomarker solanidine, a potato constituent, enables the study of CYP2D6 activity in vivo . Although solanidine metabolic ratios (MR) were shown to be relatively stable over the day with high positive correlations to CYP2D6 phenotype and genotype, the influence of a solanidine-containing potato meal on solanidine metabolite plasma concentrations and MR is unclear.
Methods: In this study with 20 healthy participants, not preselected for specific CYP2D6 genotypes, a standardized potato meal was administered after 3 days of potato-fasting (DRKS00031441). Blood sampling was conducted at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 29 h. Participants were genotyped for CYP2D6 and plasma concentrations of solanidine and its metabolites 4-OH-solanidine and 3,4-secosolanidine-3,4-dioic acid (SSDA) were measured by LC-MS/MS. MRs were formed by dividing metabolite by substrate concentrations at each sampling time point.
Results: Solanidine and metabolite plasma concentrations showed no consistent increases. Solanidine plasma concentrations (29 h vs. baseline) increased in median 0.09 ng/mL (range: −0.37 to 1.43 ng/mL). Within the period of 29 h, the linear relationship of solanidine ln MRs to the CYP2D6 activity score (AS) improved over time after intake of the potato meal with the best association after 29 h (r ² = 0.56).
Discussion: Changes in solanidine and metabolite plasma concentrations after the potato meal were variable, which could be attributed to interindividual absorption variability. CYP2D6 phenotyping may be improved by a previous potato meal at least 1 day before blood sampling. This may allow solanidine CYP2D6 phenotyping in populations with low dietary potato consumption.
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BibTeX
@article{muller2026solanidine,
title = {{Solanidine metabolic ratios for CYP2D6 phenotyping after a standardized potato meal}},
author = {Julian Peter Müller and Daniel Friske and Mohammed Hasoumi and Bob Miller and Jens Andreas Sarömba and Jolanta Tupiec and Pascal Koczera and Thea Laurentius and Thomas Clavel and Julia C. Stingl and Katja S. Just},
journal = {Frontiers in pharmacology},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fphar.2026.1886427},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13671953},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Solanidine metabolic ratios for CYP2D6 phenotyping after a standardized potato meal
AU - Julian Peter Müller
AU - Daniel Friske
AU - Mohammed Hasoumi
AU - Bob Miller
AU - Jens Andreas Sarömba
AU - Jolanta Tupiec
AU - Pascal Koczera
AU - Thea Laurentius
AU - Thomas Clavel
AU - Julia C. Stingl
AU - Katja S. Just
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/02
JO - Frontiers in pharmacology
DO - 10.3389/fphar.2026.1886427
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13671953
AB - Introduction: The recent identification of the diet-derived CYP2D6 biomarker solanidine, a potato constituent, enables the study of CYP2D6 activity in vivo . Although solanidine metabolic ratios (MR) were shown to be relatively stable over the day with high positive correlations to CYP2D6 phenotype and genotype, the influence of a solanidine-containing potato meal on solanidine metabolite plasma concentrations and MR is unclear. Methods: In this study with 20 healthy participants, not preselected for specific CYP2D6 genotypes, a standardized potato meal was administered after 3 days of potato-fasting (DRKS00031441). Blood sampling was conducted at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 29 h. Participants were genotyped for CYP2D6 and plasma concentrations of solanidine and its metabolites 4-OH-solanidine and 3,4-secosolanidine-3,4-dioic acid (SSDA) were measured by LC-MS/MS. MRs were formed by dividing metabolite by substrate concentrations at each sampling time point. Results: Solanidine and metabolite plasma concentrations showed no consistent increases. Solanidine plasma concentrations (29 h vs. baseline) increased in median 0.09 ng/mL (range: −0.37 to 1.43 ng/mL). Within the period of 29 h, the linear relationship of solanidine ln MRs to the CYP2D6 activity score (AS) improved over time after intake of the potato meal with the best association after 29 h (r ² = 0.56). Discussion: Changes in solanidine and metabolite plasma concentrations after the potato meal were variable, which could be attributed to interindividual absorption variability. CYP2D6 phenotyping may be improved by a previous potato meal at least 1 day before blood sampling. This may allow solanidine CYP2D6 phenotyping in populations with low dietary potato consumption.
SN - 1663-9812
ER -