Emergent Quantum Geometric Phases in Holey Graphene
Abstract
In graphene and other two-dimensional materials, periodic modulations of the electron density can significantly alter the energy spectrum and transport properties. Here, we report magnetotransport measurements in encapsulated monolayer graphene with ultra-high-quality patterned periodic antidot lattices that preserve the intrinsic electronic properties of the material. This lithographically defined platform enables controlled access to commensurability and superlattice phenomena at length scales otherwise difficult to achieve. By systematically tuning the lattice dimensions, we reveal a hierarchy of classical commensurability features arising from cyclotron orbits with comparable radii that follow multiple classical trajectories, resulting in broadened resistance peaks beyond the conventional single-orbit picture. Superimposed on these features, we observe pronounced Brown-Zak oscillations arising from the quantum commensurability between the magnetic flux quantum and the unit cell of the engineered Bravais lattices. We demonstrate that the intrinsic geometric phase of our system is directly measurable and show a precise matching of the magnetic field periodicity to the lithographic periodic patterning, where moiré-like electronic spectra can be geometrically generated in single-layer graphene without the need for twist, lattice mismatch, or multilayer stacking. Our results establish nanopatterned graphene as a clean, tunable, and scalable platform for realizing and exploring moiré physics through on-demand real-space design
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BibTeX
@misc{canteli2026emergent,
title = {{Emergent Quantum Geometric Phases in Holey Graphene}},
author = {Pablo Canteli and Yuriko Baba and Juan Salvador-Sánchez and Jorge Estrada-Álvarez and Ana Pérez-Rodríguez and Carlos Sánchez-Sánchez and Vito Clericò and Takashi Taniguchi and Kenji Watanabe and Francisco Domínguez-Adame and Rafael A Molina and Enrique Diez and Elena Díaz and Mario Amado},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.39500},
eprint = {2609.39500},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.39500},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Emergent Quantum Geometric Phases in Holey Graphene
AU - Pablo Canteli
AU - Yuriko Baba
AU - Juan Salvador-Sánchez
AU - Jorge Estrada-Álvarez
AU - Ana Pérez-Rodríguez
AU - Carlos Sánchez-Sánchez
AU - Vito Clericò
AU - Takashi Taniguchi
AU - Kenji Watanabe
AU - Francisco Domínguez-Adame
AU - Rafael A Molina
AU - Enrique Diez
AU - Elena Díaz
AU - Mario Amado
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.39500
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.39500
AB - In graphene and other two-dimensional materials, periodic modulations of the electron density can significantly alter the energy spectrum and transport properties. Here, we report magnetotransport measurements in encapsulated monolayer graphene with ultra-high-quality patterned periodic antidot lattices that preserve the intrinsic electronic properties of the material. This lithographically defined platform enables controlled access to commensurability and superlattice phenomena at length scales otherwise difficult to achieve. By systematically tuning the lattice dimensions, we reveal a hierarchy of classical commensurability features arising from cyclotron orbits with comparable radii that follow multiple classical trajectories, resulting in broadened resistance peaks beyond the conventional single-orbit picture. Superimposed on these features, we observe pronounced Brown-Zak oscillations arising from the quantum commensurability between the magnetic flux quantum and the unit cell of the engineered Bravais lattices. We demonstrate that the intrinsic geometric phase of our system is directly measurable and show a precise matching of the magnetic field periodicity to the lithographic periodic patterning, where moiré-like electronic spectra can be geometrically generated in single-layer graphene without the need for twist, lattice mismatch, or multilayer stacking. Our results establish nanopatterned graphene as a clean, tunable, and scalable platform for realizing and exploring moiré physics through on-demand real-space design
ER -