The Mechanism of Whey Protein Hydrolysates with Oral Immunotolerance.
- 1Beijing Engineering and Technology Research Center of Food Additives, College of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
Abstract
To investigate the mechanism of oral immune tolerance induced by whey protein hydrolysates, this study utilized five industrially used proteases to hydrolyze whey protein and prepared the hydrolysates. An oral immune tolerance model was established using Balb/c mice. The levels of specific IgG, IgE, and histamine in the serum of mice from the five hydrolysate-preventive groups were measured. The expression levels of genes and proteins associated with the MAPK signaling pathway in small intestinal mast cells were analyzed using qPCR and Western blot. The results demonstrated that the expression of JNK in the jejunum from the trypsin, bromelain, papain, Neutrase, and pepsin mouse groups was downregulated, which correlated with the alleviation of allergic responses. A moderate increase in ERK expression was accompanied by an expansion of Treg cells, thereby inducing oral immune tolerance. The process of oral immune tolerance was regulated by the MAPK signaling pathway. This study systematically elucidates the oral immune tolerance mechanisms of the five hydrolysates, and the conclusions will provide the guidance for the development of hypoallergenic infant formula.
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BibTeX
@article{wang2026mechanism,
title = {{The Mechanism of Whey Protein Hydrolysates with Oral Immunotolerance.}},
author = {Meng-Yue Wang and Peng-Mei An and Lin Mao and Wen-Xuan Zhao and Yan-Jun Cong},
journal = {International journal of molecular sciences},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.3390/ijms27198637},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883884},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - The Mechanism of Whey Protein Hydrolysates with Oral Immunotolerance.
AU - Meng-Yue Wang
AU - Peng-Mei An
AU - Lin Mao
AU - Wen-Xuan Zhao
AU - Yan-Jun Cong
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/27
JO - International journal of molecular sciences
DO - 10.3390/ijms27198637
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42883884
AB - To investigate the mechanism of oral immune tolerance induced by whey protein hydrolysates, this study utilized five industrially used proteases to hydrolyze whey protein and prepared the hydrolysates. An oral immune tolerance model was established using Balb/c mice. The levels of specific IgG, IgE, and histamine in the serum of mice from the five hydrolysate-preventive groups were measured. The expression levels of genes and proteins associated with the MAPK signaling pathway in small intestinal mast cells were analyzed using qPCR and Western blot. The results demonstrated that the expression of JNK in the jejunum from the trypsin, bromelain, papain, Neutrase, and pepsin mouse groups was downregulated, which correlated with the alleviation of allergic responses. A moderate increase in ERK expression was accompanied by an expansion of Treg cells, thereby inducing oral immune tolerance. The process of oral immune tolerance was regulated by the MAPK signaling pathway. This study systematically elucidates the oral immune tolerance mechanisms of the five hydrolysates, and the conclusions will provide the guidance for the development of hypoallergenic infant formula.
SN - 1422-0067
ER -