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Peer-reviewedCC BYClinical Ophthalmology

Age-Related Differences in Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations Among School-Aged Children Referred After Vision Screening

  • Fujimoto H1
  • Tanaka T1
  • Tanaka K1
  • Watanabe S1
  • Gomi F1
  1. 1Department of Ophthalmology
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Abstract

Hisataka Fujimoto,1 Tomoaki Tanaka,2 Katsuyuki Tanaka,2 Shinya Watanabe,3 Fumi Gomi1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; 2Tanaka Eye Clinic, Aira, Kagoshima, Japan; 3Satoh Eye Clinic, Kurashiki, Okayama, JapanCorrespondence: Hisataka Fujimoto, Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Medical University, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan, Tel +81 798 45 6462, Fax +81 798 45 6464, Email [email protected]: To characterize the age-related differences in corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in school-aged children referred after school vision screening.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 371 right eyes of 371 children referred after school vision screening for reduced uncorrected visual acuity (mean age, 11.21 ± 2.85 years; range, 4.5– 18.1 years). Anterior, posterior, and total corneal HOAs within a fixed 4-mm diameter were measured using CASIA2 swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Multiple linear regression analyses were adjusted for sex, spherical equivalent, cylindrical astigmatism, average keratometry (Kave), and central corneal thickness. Multiple comparisons were controlled using the Benjamini–Hochberg (BH) false discovery rate (FDR) procedure.Results: After multivariable adjustment and FDR correction, anterior and total corneal fourth-order root mean square (RMS) values and total HOA RMS values were lower at older ages. For total corneal fourth-order RMS, the adjusted difference per 1-year increase in age was − 0.00460 μm (95% confidence interval [CI], − 0.00681 to − 0.00240; p = 6.74 × 10− 4); for total HOA RMS, it was − 0.00444 μm (95% CI, − 0.00703 to − 0.00185; p = 0.0075). Among individual Zernike coefficients, anterior and total corneal spherical aberration (Z40) became less negative, whereas posterior corneal Z40 became more negative. The total corneal Z40 age coefficient was 0.00608 μm/year (95% CI, 0.00356 to 0.00860; p = 7.92 × 10− 5).Conclusions: Cross-sectional age-related differences in pediatric corneal HOAs mainly involved fourth-order RMS, total HOA RMS, and spherical aberration. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish within-subject trajectories and clinical relevance.Keywords: higher-order aberrations, cornea, posterior cornea, children

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{fujimoto2026agerelated,
  title = {{Age-Related Differences in Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations Among School-Aged Children Referred After Vision Screening}},
  author = {Fujimoto H and Tanaka T and Tanaka K and Watanabe S and Gomi F},
  journal = {Clinical Ophthalmology},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  url = {https://www.dovepress.com/age-related-differences-in-corneal-higher-order-aberrations-among-scho-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTH},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Age-Related Differences in Corneal Higher-Order Aberrations Among School-Aged Children Referred After Vision Screening
AU  - Fujimoto H
AU  - Tanaka T
AU  - Tanaka K
AU  - Watanabe S
AU  - Gomi F
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/08
JO  - Clinical Ophthalmology
UR  - https://www.dovepress.com/age-related-differences-in-corneal-higher-order-aberrations-among-scho-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-OPTH
AB  - Hisataka Fujimoto,1 Tomoaki Tanaka,2 Katsuyuki Tanaka,2 Shinya Watanabe,3 Fumi Gomi1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan; 2Tanaka Eye Clinic, Aira, Kagoshima, Japan; 3Satoh Eye Clinic, Kurashiki, Okayama, JapanCorrespondence: Hisataka Fujimoto, Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Medical University, Mukogawa-cho 1-1, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, 663-8501, Japan, Tel +81 798 45 6462, Fax +81 798 45 6464, Email [email protected]: To characterize the age-related differences in corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) in school-aged children referred after school vision screening.Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 371 right eyes of 371 children referred after school vision screening for reduced uncorrected visual acuity (mean age, 11.21 ± 2.85 years; range, 4.5– 18.1 years). Anterior, posterior, and total corneal HOAs within a fixed 4-mm diameter were measured using CASIA2 swept-source anterior segment optical coherence tomography. Multiple linear regression analyses were adjusted for sex, spherical equivalent, cylindrical astigmatism, average keratometry (Kave), and central corneal thickness. Multiple comparisons were controlled using the Benjamini–Hochberg (BH) false discovery rate (FDR) procedure.Results: After multivariable adjustment and FDR correction, anterior and total corneal fourth-order root mean square (RMS) values and total HOA RMS values were lower at older ages. For total corneal fourth-order RMS, the adjusted difference per 1-year increase in age was − 0.00460 μm (95% confidence interval [CI], − 0.00681 to − 0.00240; p = 6.74 × 10− 4); for total HOA RMS, it was − 0.00444 μm (95% CI, − 0.00703 to − 0.00185; p = 0.0075). Among individual Zernike coefficients, anterior and total corneal spherical aberration (Z40) became less negative, whereas posterior corneal Z40 became more negative. The total corneal Z40 age coefficient was 0.00608 μm/year (95% CI, 0.00356 to 0.00860; p = 7.92 × 10− 5).Conclusions: Cross-sectional age-related differences in pediatric corneal HOAs mainly involved fourth-order RMS, total HOA RMS, and spherical aberration. Longitudinal studies are needed to establish within-subject trajectories and clinical relevance.Keywords: higher-order aberrations, cornea, posterior cornea, children
SN  - 1177-5483
ER  -