Organism-dependent ecotoxicological effects of transition metal-containing layered double hydroxides
- 1Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP
Abstract
Due to low environmental stability of certain molecule classes, such as phytohormones and RNA interference, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been investigated as nanocarriers capable of protecting and transporting molecules of interest in natural systems. Herein, the ecotoxicological effects of LDH nanoparticles composed by different transition metals (Al-Ni, Al-Co, and Al-Cu) were evaluated in maize (Zea mays), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum), and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, two important crops and one soil organism found in agricultural systems. Plants were exposed to the nanoparticles through foliar spraying (5, 50, and 500 ug/mL), and physiological parameters were evaluated. In C. elegans, lethality, locomotion, larval development, and body length were analyzed. The nanoparticles exhibited high colloidal stability and characteristic lamellar morphology. The results demonstrated low phytotoxicity for all formulations, without significant changes in photochemical activity, effective quantum yield of photosystem II (psi-PSII), stomatal conductance (gs), and chlorophyll index (Chl a+b; ICF) in plants. In contrast, C. elegans exhibited greater sensitivity, showing reduced motility, developmental delay, and decreased body length, although mortality remained below 12% under all evaluated conditions. Toxicity was dependent on the metallic composition, following the order Al-Cu > Al-Ni > Al-Co. Collectively, the results indicate that LDHs exhibit high compatibility with those two crops but may cause sublethal effects in soil organisms. These findings highlight the importance of multispecies ecotoxicological assessments for the safe development of nanocarriers intended for agricultural applications.
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BibTeX
@misc{ferreira2026organismdependent,
title = {{Organism-dependent ecotoxicological effects of transition metal-containing layered double hydroxides}},
author = {A. L. Ferreira and T. C. M. Segato and C. C. de Carvalho and G. C. do Carmo and M. A. Mori and R. V. Ribeiro and M. B. de Jesus},
howpublished = {bioRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.64898/2026.11.05.764568},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.11.05.764568v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Organism-dependent ecotoxicological effects of transition metal-containing layered double hydroxides
AU - A. L. Ferreira
AU - T. C. M. Segato
AU - C. C. de Carvalho
AU - G. C. do Carmo
AU - M. A. Mori
AU - R. V. Ribeiro
AU - M. B. de Jesus
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/05
PB - bioRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.11.05.764568
UR - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.11.05.764568v1
AB - Due to low environmental stability of certain molecule classes, such as phytohormones and RNA interference, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been investigated as nanocarriers capable of protecting and transporting molecules of interest in natural systems. Herein, the ecotoxicological effects of LDH nanoparticles composed by different transition metals (Al-Ni, Al-Co, and Al-Cu) were evaluated in maize (Zea mays), tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum), and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, two important crops and one soil organism found in agricultural systems. Plants were exposed to the nanoparticles through foliar spraying (5, 50, and 500 ug/mL), and physiological parameters were evaluated. In C. elegans, lethality, locomotion, larval development, and body length were analyzed. The nanoparticles exhibited high colloidal stability and characteristic lamellar morphology. The results demonstrated low phytotoxicity for all formulations, without significant changes in photochemical activity, effective quantum yield of photosystem II (psi-PSII), stomatal conductance (gs), and chlorophyll index (Chl a+b; ICF) in plants. In contrast, C. elegans exhibited greater sensitivity, showing reduced motility, developmental delay, and decreased body length, although mortality remained below 12% under all evaluated conditions. Toxicity was dependent on the metallic composition, following the order Al-Cu > Al-Ni > Al-Co. Collectively, the results indicate that LDHs exhibit high compatibility with those two crops but may cause sublethal effects in soil organisms. These findings highlight the importance of multispecies ecotoxicological assessments for the safe development of nanocarriers intended for agricultural applications.
ER -