Factors Related to Length of Stay of Critical Patients in Intensive Care Unit: A Single-center Cross-sectional Study.
- 1Klabat University, Manado, Indonesia.
- 2Faculty of Nursing, Airlangga University, Indonesia.
- 3Universitas Sariputra Indonesia, Manado, Indonesia.
Abstract
Background
Intensive care units (ICUs) provide specialized care for critically ill patients, but prolonged length of stay (LOS) can strain limited ICU capacity, increase healthcare costs, and negatively affect patient outcomes. Predicting LOS at the time of ICU admission remains challenging because of the complex interplay of patients' clinical conditions and therapeutic needs.Objective
This study aimed to identify clinical and admission-related factors associated with ICU LOS and determine predictors of prolonged stay among ICU patients.Methods
This study employed a cross-sectional design, with data collected from patient medical records in 2024. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Blood pressure (BP), and LOS were used as the dependent outcome variables. Data processing was conducted with the Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, and Hierarchical multiple regression.Results
A total of 146 ICU patients participated as respondents, with an average age of 63.36 ± 14.56 years, CCI (4.27 ± 2.33), GCS 12 ± 4, and the average LOS was 5.25 ± 4.99 days. The results showed that variables presenting a relationship with LOS were age (r = 0.17, p = 0.05), CCI (r = -0.46, p = 0.01), GCS (r = -0.54, p = 0.01), and use of a mechanical ventilator (MV) (t = 5.44, p = 0.01). Five variables identified as LOS predictors included age (B = 0.03), CCI (B = -0.37), GCS (B = -0.12), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (B = 0.01), and not using MV (B = -0.91), which were expected to cover 74% of the variance in LOS (adjusted R² = 0.725, F = 48.67).Conclusion
Endeavors to minimize LOS can serve as a crucial strategy in reducing nosocomial infections, the financial burden of treatment, morbidity and mortality, and enhancing the quality of life of patients in the ICU. In addition, age, CCI, GCS, SBP, and MV were significant predictors of ICU patients' LOS, with CCI being the strongest predictor.
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BibTeX
@article{padaunan2026factors,
title = {{Factors Related to Length of Stay of Critical Patients in Intensive Care Unit: A Single-center Cross-sectional Study.}},
author = {Ellen Padaunan and Silvia Dewi Mayasari Riu and Andreas Rantepadang and Cherol Nelson Ering and Denny Maurits Ruku},
journal = {Acta medica Philippina},
year = {2026},
month = aug,
doi = {10.47895/amp.v60i15.13075},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42923583},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Factors Related to Length of Stay of Critical Patients in Intensive Care Unit: A Single-center Cross-sectional Study.
AU - Ellen Padaunan
AU - Silvia Dewi Mayasari Riu
AU - Andreas Rantepadang
AU - Cherol Nelson Ering
AU - Denny Maurits Ruku
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/08/15
JO - Acta medica Philippina
DO - 10.47895/amp.v60i15.13075
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42923583
AB - Background Intensive care units (ICUs) provide specialized care for critically ill patients, but prolonged length of stay (LOS) can strain limited ICU capacity, increase healthcare costs, and negatively affect patient outcomes. Predicting LOS at the time of ICU admission remains challenging because of the complex interplay of patients' clinical conditions and therapeutic needs.Objective This study aimed to identify clinical and admission-related factors associated with ICU LOS and determine predictors of prolonged stay among ICU patients.Methods This study employed a cross-sectional design, with data collected from patient medical records in 2024. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Blood pressure (BP), and LOS were used as the dependent outcome variables. Data processing was conducted with the Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, and Hierarchical multiple regression.Results A total of 146 ICU patients participated as respondents, with an average age of 63.36 ± 14.56 years, CCI (4.27 ± 2.33), GCS 12 ± 4, and the average LOS was 5.25 ± 4.99 days. The results showed that variables presenting a relationship with LOS were age (r = 0.17, p = 0.05), CCI (r = -0.46, p = 0.01), GCS (r = -0.54, p = 0.01), and use of a mechanical ventilator (MV) (t = 5.44, p = 0.01). Five variables identified as LOS predictors included age (B = 0.03), CCI (B = -0.37), GCS (B = -0.12), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (B = 0.01), and not using MV (B = -0.91), which were expected to cover 74% of the variance in LOS (adjusted R² = 0.725, F = 48.67).Conclusion Endeavors to minimize LOS can serve as a crucial strategy in reducing nosocomial infections, the financial burden of treatment, morbidity and mortality, and enhancing the quality of life of patients in the ICU. In addition, age, CCI, GCS, SBP, and MV were significant predictors of ICU patients' LOS, with CCI being the strongest predictor.
SN - 0001-6071
SN - 2094-9278
ER -