Quantum Entanglement in Variational Quantum Classification for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Abstract
This study looks at how the entangling structure of a variational quantum classifier (VQC) relates to its performance in breast cancer diagnosis, using the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset. We tested three three-qubit configurations that share the same EfficientSU2 ansatz, COBYLA optimizer, and stratified five-fold cross-validation, but differ in their entangling structure: a single- repetition Ising-type coupling (A), a two-repetition linear Ising-type coupling (B), and a fully connected Heisenberg-type coupling (C). Entanglement was measured with the von Neumann entropy and the Wootters concurrence. From A to C, the mean entropy rose from 0.40 to 0.71, accuracy rose from 92.98% to 93.68%, and F1-score rose from 90.32% to 91.28%. Configuration C was also the most stable across folds. However, the fold-level correlations between entanglement and performance were weak and not significant. Richer topologies also increase circuit expressivity, so the two effects cannot be fully separated. These results show an association, not a proven causal link, between entangling structure and VQC performance.
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BibTeX
@misc{hazmoun2026quantum,
title = {{Quantum Entanglement in Variational Quantum Classification for Breast Cancer Diagnosis}},
author = {Zineb Hazmoun and Zoubida Sakhi and Mohamed Bennai},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.34617},
eprint = {2609.34617},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34617},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Quantum Entanglement in Variational Quantum Classification for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
AU - Zineb Hazmoun
AU - Zoubida Sakhi
AU - Mohamed Bennai
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/28
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.34617
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.34617
AB - This study looks at how the entangling structure of a variational quantum classifier (VQC) relates to its performance in breast cancer diagnosis, using the Wisconsin Diagnostic Breast Cancer (WDBC) dataset. We tested three three-qubit configurations that share the same EfficientSU2 ansatz, COBYLA optimizer, and stratified five-fold cross-validation, but differ in their entangling structure: a single- repetition Ising-type coupling (A), a two-repetition linear Ising-type coupling (B), and a fully connected Heisenberg-type coupling (C). Entanglement was measured with the von Neumann entropy and the Wootters concurrence. From A to C, the mean entropy rose from 0.40 to 0.71, accuracy rose from 92.98% to 93.68%, and F1-score rose from 90.32% to 91.28%. Configuration C was also the most stable across folds. However, the fold-level correlations between entanglement and performance were weak and not significant. Richer topologies also increase circuit expressivity, so the two effects cannot be fully separated. These results show an association, not a proven causal link, between entangling structure and VQC performance.
ER -