Antifungal Susceptibility Testing and Cytokine Analysis in Patients with HIV-1/AIDS Complicated by Talaromyces marneffei Infection in Yunnan Province
- 1Faculty of Life Science and Technology & Yunnan Province Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, People’s Republic of China
- 2Department of Clinical Lab, Yunnan Provincial Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, 650301, People’s Republic of China
- 3School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, People’s Republic of China
Abstract
Background: Talaromyces marneffei (TM) infection is an important opportunistic infection among patients with HIV/AIDS, particularly in endemic regions. However, comprehensive studies integrating antifungal susceptibility profiles, clinical outcomes, and immune-inflammatory responses remain limited. This study aimed to characterize antifungal susceptibility profiles and identify clinical factors associated with prognosis in HIV/AIDS patients with TM infection.
Methods: This retrospective study included 91 HIV/AIDS patients with TM infection treated at Yunnan Infectious Diseases Hospital from 2018 to 2023. Clinical characteristics, laboratory indicators, antifungal treatment regimens, and outcomes were collected from electronic medical records. Antifungal susceptibility testing of preserved TM isolates was performed using the Antu Bio antifungal susceptibility testing system, and MIC distributions, MIC50, and MIC90 values were analyzed. Serum cytokines, including IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, were measured by ELISA in 24 patients with available longitudinal serum samples.
Results: Among the 91 patients, 63 (69.2%) showed favorable outcomes and 28 (30.8%) showed unfavorable outcomes. Patients with unfavorable outcomes had significantly lower CD4+T-cell counts and higher AST levels. Antifungal susceptibility analysis showed different MIC distributions among the tested agents, with relatively lower MIC distributions observed for amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole.
Conclusion: Clinical indicators including CD4+T-cell counts and AST levels may be associated with prognosis in HIV/AIDS patients with TM infection. MIC distributions of antifungal agents and cytokine changes provide additional information regarding in vitro antifungal activity profiles and immune characteristics. Further multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are required to validate these findings.
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BibTeX
@article{gao2026antifungal,
title = {{Antifungal Susceptibility Testing and Cytokine Analysis in Patients with HIV-1/AIDS Complicated by Talaromyces marneffei Infection in Yunnan Province}},
author = {Li Gao and Yandaijiu Wang and Yanqi Peng and Zhenglun Li and Yue Feng and Xingqi Dong and Xueshan Xia},
journal = {Infection and Drug Resistance},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.2147/idr.s619067},
url = {https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s619067},
note = {CC BY-NC 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Antifungal Susceptibility Testing and Cytokine Analysis in Patients with HIV-1/AIDS Complicated by Talaromyces marneffei Infection in Yunnan Province
AU - Li Gao
AU - Yandaijiu Wang
AU - Yanqi Peng
AU - Zhenglun Li
AU - Yue Feng
AU - Xingqi Dong
AU - Xueshan Xia
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/27
JO - Infection and Drug Resistance
DO - 10.2147/idr.s619067
UR - https://doi.org/10.2147/idr.s619067
AB - Background: Talaromyces marneffei (TM) infection is an important opportunistic infection among patients with HIV/AIDS, particularly in endemic regions. However, comprehensive studies integrating antifungal susceptibility profiles, clinical outcomes, and immune-inflammatory responses remain limited. This study aimed to characterize antifungal susceptibility profiles and identify clinical factors associated with prognosis in HIV/AIDS patients with TM infection. Methods: This retrospective study included 91 HIV/AIDS patients with TM infection treated at Yunnan Infectious Diseases Hospital from 2018 to 2023. Clinical characteristics, laboratory indicators, antifungal treatment regimens, and outcomes were collected from electronic medical records. Antifungal susceptibility testing of preserved TM isolates was performed using the Antu Bio antifungal susceptibility testing system, and MIC distributions, MIC50, and MIC90 values were analyzed. Serum cytokines, including IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, were measured by ELISA in 24 patients with available longitudinal serum samples. Results: Among the 91 patients, 63 (69.2%) showed favorable outcomes and 28 (30.8%) showed unfavorable outcomes. Patients with unfavorable outcomes had significantly lower CD4+T-cell counts and higher AST levels. Antifungal susceptibility analysis showed different MIC distributions among the tested agents, with relatively lower MIC distributions observed for amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole. Conclusion: Clinical indicators including CD4+T-cell counts and AST levels may be associated with prognosis in HIV/AIDS patients with TM infection. MIC distributions of antifungal agents and cytokine changes provide additional information regarding in vitro antifungal activity profiles and immune characteristics. Further multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are required to validate these findings.
SN - 1178-6973
ER -