Micro-CT analysis of calcium silicate-based cements in simulated acidic and neutral environments: a comparative study.
4 affiliations
- 1Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Avsar Campus West Ring Road Boulevard No: 251/A, Onikisubat, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. [email protected].
- 2Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Avsar Campus West Ring Road Boulevard No: 251/A, Onikisubat, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
- 3Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
- 4Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Abstract
Background
This in vitro investigation aimed to examine the physical characteristics of three calcium silicate-based cements-Neo MTA Plus, Biodentine, and MTA Repair HP-when used as root canal filling materials under diverse environmental conditions, employing micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis.Methods
A total of 144 extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were sectioned to produce standardized root canals. These canals were then randomly distributed into 12 groups (n = 12) according to the type of material used, the method of placement (either manual or ultrasonic), and the storage environment (acidic or phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH ≈ 7.4) served as the neutral comparison condition referred to in the title. The materials were inserted into the prepared canals and underwent micro-CT scanning both before and after a 7-day exposure to the designated environments. The resulting changes in volume, density, and porosity were measured. Data normality was assessed with the Shapiro-Wilk test. As the data were non-parametric, Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post hoc tests were used (p < 0.05).Results
Under acidic conditions, a trend toward structural changes was observed in all tested materials. Biodentine exhibited a greater tendency toward volume reduction compared to the other materials; however, these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Increased porosity was noted under acidic conditions, particularly in Biodentine, whereas specimens stored in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) showed minimal changes. No statistically significant differences were detected between the acidic and PBS conditions; however, several baseline-to-post-incubation comparisons showed statistically significant differences according to Dunn's post hoc test.Conclusions
Within the limitations of this study, calcium silicate-based materials showed a tendency toward structural changes under acidic conditions, although these were not always statistically significant. Biodentine exhibited a greater tendency for change compared to the other materials, while placement technique had no significant effect.
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BibTeX
@article{kamalak2026microct,
title = {{Micro-CT analysis of calcium silicate-based cements in simulated acidic and neutral environments: a comparative study.}},
author = {Aliye Kamalak and Esra Balkanlıoglu and Mert Ocak and Hakan Hamdi Çelik},
journal = {BMC oral health},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1186/s12903-026-09324-0},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42894185},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Micro-CT analysis of calcium silicate-based cements in simulated acidic and neutral environments: a comparative study.
AU - Aliye Kamalak
AU - Esra Balkanlıoglu
AU - Mert Ocak
AU - Hakan Hamdi Çelik
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/01
JO - BMC oral health
DO - 10.1186/s12903-026-09324-0
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42894185
AB - Background This in vitro investigation aimed to examine the physical characteristics of three calcium silicate-based cements-Neo MTA Plus, Biodentine, and MTA Repair HP-when used as root canal filling materials under diverse environmental conditions, employing micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analysis.Methods A total of 144 extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were sectioned to produce standardized root canals. These canals were then randomly distributed into 12 groups (n = 12) according to the type of material used, the method of placement (either manual or ultrasonic), and the storage environment (acidic or phosphate-buffered saline [PBS]). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH ≈ 7.4) served as the neutral comparison condition referred to in the title. The materials were inserted into the prepared canals and underwent micro-CT scanning both before and after a 7-day exposure to the designated environments. The resulting changes in volume, density, and porosity were measured. Data normality was assessed with the Shapiro-Wilk test. As the data were non-parametric, Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post hoc tests were used (p < 0.05).Results Under acidic conditions, a trend toward structural changes was observed in all tested materials. Biodentine exhibited a greater tendency toward volume reduction compared to the other materials; however, these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Increased porosity was noted under acidic conditions, particularly in Biodentine, whereas specimens stored in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) showed minimal changes. No statistically significant differences were detected between the acidic and PBS conditions; however, several baseline-to-post-incubation comparisons showed statistically significant differences according to Dunn's post hoc test.Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, calcium silicate-based materials showed a tendency toward structural changes under acidic conditions, although these were not always statistically significant. Biodentine exhibited a greater tendency for change compared to the other materials, while placement technique had no significant effect.
SN - 1472-6831
ER -