Assessing immune factors in maternal milk and paired infant plasma antibody binding to human rhinoviruses

Abstract

Before they can produce their own antibodies, newborns are protected from infections by transplacental transfer of maternal IgG antibodies and after birth through breast milk IgA antibodies. Rhinovirus (RV) infections are extremely common in early childhood, and while RV infections often result in only mild upper respiratory illnesses, they can also cause severe lower respiratory illnesses such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. We used high-density peptide arrays to profile infant and maternal antibody reactivity to capsid and full proteome sequences of three human RVs - A16, B52, and C11. Numerous plasma IgG and breast milk IgA RV epitopes were identified that localized to regions of the RV capsid surface and interior, and also to several non-structural proteins. While most epitopes were bound by both IgG and IgA, there were several instances where isotype-specific and RV-specific binding were observed. We also profiled 62 unique RV-C dominant protein loop sequences characteristic of this species' capsid VP1 protein. Many of these RV-C sites were highly bound by IgG from one-year-old infants, indicating recent or ongoing active infections, or alternatively, a level of cross-reactivity among homologous RV-C sites.

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Cite

BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@article{vera2026assessing,
  title = {{Assessing immune factors in maternal milk and paired infant plasma antibody binding to human rhinoviruses}},
  author = {J. M. Vera and S. J. Mcilwain and S. Fye and A. Palmenberg and Y. A. Bochkov and H. Li and R. Pinapati and J. C. Tan and J. E. Gern and C. M. Seroogy and I. M. Ong},
  journal = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385121},
  url = {https://hal.science/hal-05787904v1},
  note = {CC BY},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing immune factors in maternal milk and paired infant plasma antibody binding to human rhinoviruses
AU  - J. M. Vera
AU  - S. J. Mcilwain
AU  - S. Fye
AU  - A. Palmenberg
AU  - Y. A. Bochkov
AU  - H. Li
AU  - R. Pinapati
AU  - J. C. Tan
AU  - J. E. Gern
AU  - C. M. Seroogy
AU  - I. M. Ong
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/09
JO  - Frontiers in Immunology
DO  - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1385121
UR  - https://hal.science/hal-05787904v1
AB  - Before they can produce their own antibodies, newborns are protected from infections by transplacental transfer of maternal IgG antibodies and after birth through breast milk IgA antibodies. Rhinovirus (RV) infections are extremely common in early childhood, and while RV infections often result in only mild upper respiratory illnesses, they can also cause severe lower respiratory illnesses such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. We used high-density peptide arrays to profile infant and maternal antibody reactivity to capsid and full proteome sequences of three human RVs - A16, B52, and C11. Numerous plasma IgG and breast milk IgA RV epitopes were identified that localized to regions of the RV capsid surface and interior, and also to several non-structural proteins. While most epitopes were bound by both IgG and IgA, there were several instances where isotype-specific and RV-specific binding were observed. We also profiled 62 unique RV-C dominant protein loop sequences characteristic of this species' capsid VP1 protein. Many of these RV-C sites were highly bound by IgG from one-year-old infants, indicating recent or ongoing active infections, or alternatively, a level of cross-reactivity among homologous RV-C sites.
SN  - 1664-3224
SN  - 1664-3224
ER  -

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