Nd:YAG Laser for Effective Treatment of Subhyaloid and Sub–Internal Limiting Membrane Hemorrhages Secondary to Valsalva Retinopathy: A Case Series
- 1Department of Ophthalmology Hospital Duchess of Kent Sandakan Sandakan Malaysia
- 2Faculty of Medicine University of Malaya Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia um.edu.my
- 3Faculty of Medicine University of Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS) Kuching Malaysia unimas.my
Abstract
Background: Subhyaloid and sub–internal limiting membrane (sub‐ILM) hemorrhages secondary to Valsalva retinopathy typically occur in young adults and can cause sudden, significant visual impairment. Spontaneous resolution may be prolonged, and delayed clearance can adversely affect visual recovery. Nd:YAG laser membranotomy has been proposed as an effective, minimally invasive treatment to facilitate rapid visual improvement.
Methods: This case series included three patients aged 24–27 years who presented with subhyaloid and sub‐ILM hemorrhages secondary to Valsalva retinopathy. The duration of symptoms prior to treatment ranged from 2 to 10 days. The mean horizontal and vertical diameters of the hemorrhages were 3615 and 3289 μm, respectively. All patients underwent Nd:YAG laser membranotomy. The mean total laser energy applied was 79.7 mJ (range 11–185 mJ). Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and postoperative complications were assessed.
Results: Preprocedure BCVA ranged from 6/9 to 1/60. Rapid anatomical and functional improvement was observed in all cases following treatment. At 2 weeks after the procedure, BCVA improved to 6/9 in all patients. No complications such as macular hole formation or retinal detachment were noted during the follow‐up period.
Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser membranotomy appears to be a safe and highly effective treatment for subhyaloid and sub‐ILM hemorrhages secondary to Valsalva retinopathy, particularly in young patients requiring rapid visual recovery. Larger studies with longer follow‐up are needed to further evaluate long‐term outcomes and potential complications.
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BibTeX
@article{wai2026ndyag,
title = {{Nd:YAG Laser for Effective Treatment of Subhyaloid and Sub–Internal Limiting Membrane Hemorrhages Secondary to Valsalva Retinopathy: A Case Series}},
author = {Yong Zheng Wai and Kar Yong Chong and Elicia Tze Zhing Chieng and Nurhayati Abdul Kadir and Lik Thai Lim and Wai Seng Chiang},
journal = {Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1155/crop/1890436},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1155/crop/1890436},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Nd:YAG Laser for Effective Treatment of Subhyaloid and Sub–Internal Limiting Membrane Hemorrhages Secondary to Valsalva Retinopathy: A Case Series
AU - Yong Zheng Wai
AU - Kar Yong Chong
AU - Elicia Tze Zhing Chieng
AU - Nurhayati Abdul Kadir
AU - Lik Thai Lim
AU - Wai Seng Chiang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
JO - Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine
DO - 10.1155/crop/1890436
UR - https://doi.org/10.1155/crop/1890436
AB - Background: Subhyaloid and sub–internal limiting membrane (sub‐ILM) hemorrhages secondary to Valsalva retinopathy typically occur in young adults and can cause sudden, significant visual impairment. Spontaneous resolution may be prolonged, and delayed clearance can adversely affect visual recovery. Nd:YAG laser membranotomy has been proposed as an effective, minimally invasive treatment to facilitate rapid visual improvement. Methods: This case series included three patients aged 24–27 years who presented with subhyaloid and sub‐ILM hemorrhages secondary to Valsalva retinopathy. The duration of symptoms prior to treatment ranged from 2 to 10 days. The mean horizontal and vertical diameters of the hemorrhages were 3615 and 3289 μm, respectively. All patients underwent Nd:YAG laser membranotomy. The mean total laser energy applied was 79.7 mJ (range 11–185 mJ). Best‐corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and postoperative complications were assessed. Results: Preprocedure BCVA ranged from 6/9 to 1/60. Rapid anatomical and functional improvement was observed in all cases following treatment. At 2 weeks after the procedure, BCVA improved to 6/9 in all patients. No complications such as macular hole formation or retinal detachment were noted during the follow‐up period. Conclusion: Nd:YAG laser membranotomy appears to be a safe and highly effective treatment for subhyaloid and sub‐ILM hemorrhages secondary to Valsalva retinopathy, particularly in young patients requiring rapid visual recovery. Larger studies with longer follow‐up are needed to further evaluate long‐term outcomes and potential complications.
SN - 2090-6722
SN - 2090-6730
ER -