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Peer-reviewedCC BYFrontiers in immunology

Activation of cytosolic DNA sensing in NCM460 intestinal epithelial cells induces antiviral factors that restrict HIV infection in macrophages

  • Safah Majid1
  • Shazheb Khan1
  • Xu Wang1
  • Raheeb Khan1
  • Qian-Hao Xiao1
  • Yuan Rong1
  • Zhi Wei2
  • Qing-Sheng Li3
  • Wen-Zhe Ho1
  1. 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University Lewis Katz School of Medicine , , ,
  2. 2Department of Computer Science, Ying Wu College of Computing, New Jersey Institute of Technology , , ,
  3. 3HIV Cure and Viral Diseases Center, The Wistar Institute , , ,
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Abstract

Introduction: The gastrointestinal tract is an important site of HIV persistence and contains susceptible target cells, including macrophages. Crosstalk between intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages may contribute to mucosal innate defense.

Methods: NCM460 human intestinal epithelial cells were transfected with poly(dA). Expression and production of interferons, interferon-stimulated genes, and CC chemokines were assessed by quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, and ELISA. Primary human macrophages were treated with conditioned supernatants from NCM460 cells, and HIV infection was assessed using cytopathic effects, luciferase activity, and HIV Gag RNA expression.

Results: Poly(dA) induced IFN-β, IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2/3, ISG15, viperin, OAS1, RANTES, and MIP-1α in NCM460 cells. Supernatants from poly(dA)-stimulated NCM460 cells induced GBP5, viperin, and MX2 in primary macrophages and significantly inhibited HIV infection.

Discussion: Activation of cytosolic DNA sensing in intestinal epithelial cells induces soluble antiviral factors that enhance innate antiviral responses in macrophages and may contribute to mucosal defense against HIV.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{majid2026activation,
  title = {{Activation of cytosolic DNA sensing in NCM460 intestinal epithelial cells induces antiviral factors that restrict HIV infection in macrophages}},
  author = {Safah Majid and Shazheb Khan and Xu Wang and Raheeb Khan and Qian-Hao Xiao and Yuan Rong and Zhi Wei and Qing-Sheng Li and Wen-Zhe Ho},
  journal = {Frontiers in immunology},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2026.1919977},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13661426},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Activation of cytosolic DNA sensing in NCM460 intestinal epithelial cells induces antiviral factors that restrict HIV infection in macrophages
AU  - Safah Majid
AU  - Shazheb Khan
AU  - Xu Wang
AU  - Raheeb Khan
AU  - Qian-Hao Xiao
AU  - Yuan Rong
AU  - Zhi Wei
AU  - Qing-Sheng Li
AU  - Wen-Zhe Ho
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/30
JO  - Frontiers in immunology
DO  - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1919977
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13661426
AB  - Introduction: The gastrointestinal tract is an important site of HIV persistence and contains susceptible target cells, including macrophages. Crosstalk between intestinal epithelial cells and macrophages may contribute to mucosal innate defense.  Methods: NCM460 human intestinal epithelial cells were transfected with poly(dA). Expression and production of interferons, interferon-stimulated genes, and CC chemokines were assessed by quantitative RT-PCR, western blotting, and ELISA. Primary human macrophages were treated with conditioned supernatants from NCM460 cells, and HIV infection was assessed using cytopathic effects, luciferase activity, and HIV Gag RNA expression.  Results: Poly(dA) induced IFN-β, IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2/3, ISG15, viperin, OAS1, RANTES, and MIP-1α in NCM460 cells. Supernatants from poly(dA)-stimulated NCM460 cells induced GBP5, viperin, and MX2 in primary macrophages and significantly inhibited HIV infection.  Discussion: Activation of cytosolic DNA sensing in intestinal epithelial cells induces soluble antiviral factors that enhance innate antiviral responses in macrophages and may contribute to mucosal defense against HIV.
SN  - 1664-3224
ER  -