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Peer-reviewedCC BYNeurology international

Intra-Rater Test-Retest Reliability of Static Dual-Task Balance Measures in Untrained People with Parkinson's Disease.

  • Sara Monleón Guinot1
  • Constanza San Martín Valenzuela2,3,4
  • Vivina Aranda Asensi5
  • José M Tomás1
5 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Methodology for the Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, 21 Blasco Ibáñez Av., 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  2. 2Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 5 Gascó Oliag St., 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  3. 3Unit of Personal Autonomy, Dependency and Mental Disorders Assessment, University of Valencia-INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 15 Blasco Ibáñez Av., 46010 Valencia, Spain.
  4. 4Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 3-5 Monforte de Lemos St., 28029 Madrid, Spain.
  5. 5Physiotherapy Unit, Parkinson Valencia Neurorehabilitation Center, 15 Nicolau Primitiu St., 46014 Valencia, Spain.
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Abstract

Background/Objectives: Dual-task (DT) motor assessment in Parkinson's disease (PD) provides insight into functional abilities, yet limited evidence on its reliability may bias therapy results. This study aims to evaluate the intra-rater test-retest reliability of single and functional DT balance measures in untrained individuals with PD, and to determine the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and the Minimal Detectable Change (MDC). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 22 untrained participants with PD performed a balance assessment twice, 30 min apart. The Romberg test was measured on a force platform under five conditions: single-task, two cognitive secondary tasks (visual, DTvisual; verbal, DTverbal) and two manual tasks (below 90° of shoulder flexion, DTlower; above 90°, DTupper). Test-retest reliability of Center of Pressure (CoP) outcomes was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) besides SEM and MDC. Results: Displacement, dispersion, force, swept area, and velocity of CoP movements showed excellent reliability (ICC > 0.75) under the single-task condition, except for anteroposterior displacement, which showed an ICC of 0.73. Swept area (ICC = 0.92), followed by CoP velocity (ICC = 0.90) and anteroposterior CoP force (ICC = 0.90), exhibited the highest reliability. Under dual-task conditions, reliability was more variable across outcomes and task types. CoP velocity showed the most consistent reliability (ICC = 0.74-0.92), whereas swept area showed lower reliability in all DT conditions, but DTupper (ICC = 0.90). Mediolateral CoP outcomes were more reliable than anteroposterior displacement and dispersion, while anteroposterior CoP force outperformed mediolateral force under DT conditions. Conclusions: Single-task static balance can be reliably assessed in untrained people with mild-to-moderate PD within a single session. However, under DT conditions, high variability across outcomes warrants cautious interpretation, highlighting CoP velocity and mediolateral excursion as relatively consistent outcomes.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{guinot2026intrarater,
  title = {{Intra-Rater Test-Retest Reliability of Static Dual-Task Balance Measures in Untrained People with Parkinson's Disease.}},
  author = {Sara Monleón Guinot and Constanza San Martín Valenzuela and Vivina Aranda Asensi and José M Tomás},
  journal = {Neurology international},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/neurolint18100187},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42931141},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intra-Rater Test-Retest Reliability of Static Dual-Task Balance Measures in Untrained People with Parkinson's Disease.
AU  - Sara Monleón Guinot
AU  - Constanza San Martín Valenzuela
AU  - Vivina Aranda Asensi
AU  - José M Tomás
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - Neurology international
DO  - 10.3390/neurolint18100187
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42931141
AB  - Background/Objectives: Dual-task (DT) motor assessment in Parkinson's disease (PD) provides insight into functional abilities, yet limited evidence on its reliability may bias therapy results. This study aims to evaluate the intra-rater test-retest reliability of single and functional DT balance measures in untrained individuals with PD, and to determine the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and the Minimal Detectable Change (MDC). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 22 untrained participants with PD performed a balance assessment twice, 30 min apart. The Romberg test was measured on a force platform under five conditions: single-task, two cognitive secondary tasks (visual, DTvisual; verbal, DTverbal) and two manual tasks (below 90° of shoulder flexion, DTlower; above 90°, DTupper). Test-retest reliability of Center of Pressure (CoP) outcomes was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) besides SEM and MDC. Results: Displacement, dispersion, force, swept area, and velocity of CoP movements showed excellent reliability (ICC > 0.75) under the single-task condition, except for anteroposterior displacement, which showed an ICC of 0.73. Swept area (ICC = 0.92), followed by CoP velocity (ICC = 0.90) and anteroposterior CoP force (ICC = 0.90), exhibited the highest reliability. Under dual-task conditions, reliability was more variable across outcomes and task types. CoP velocity showed the most consistent reliability (ICC = 0.74-0.92), whereas swept area showed lower reliability in all DT conditions, but DTupper (ICC = 0.90). Mediolateral CoP outcomes were more reliable than anteroposterior displacement and dispersion, while anteroposterior CoP force outperformed mediolateral force under DT conditions. Conclusions: Single-task static balance can be reliably assessed in untrained people with mild-to-moderate PD within a single session. However, under DT conditions, high variability across outcomes warrants cautious interpretation, highlighting CoP velocity and mediolateral excursion as relatively consistent outcomes.
SN  - 2035-8385
SN  - 2035-8377
ER  -