2‐Chloro‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)aniline‐Derived Schiff Base Palladium(II) Complexes: From Molecular Design to Acute Toxicity Assessment
7 affiliations
- 1General and Inorganic Chemistry Department Faculty of Pharmacy “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania
- 2Physical and Colloidal Chemistry Department Faculty of Pharmacy “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania
- 3Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry “Petru Poni” Iasi Romania
- 4Organic Chemistry Department Faculty of Pharmacy “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania
- 5Inorganic Chemistry Department Faculty of Chemistry University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania
- 6Pharmaceutical Botany and Cell Biology Department Faculty of Pharmacy “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania
- 7Pharmaceutical Physics Department Faculty of Pharmacy “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest Romania
Abstract
Four Schiff bases newly synthesized from 2‐chloro‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)aniline served as ligands for the preparation of four palladium(II) complexes. Characterization of all compounds was performed using the following physicochemical techniques: elemental analysis, IR, UV–vis, ¹ H NMR, ¹³ C NMR, mass spectrometry, thermal analysis, molar conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. In addition, crystals of the ligands HL 1 – HL 4 and the complexes 2 and 4 were obtained, enabling their structures to be confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Crystallography showed that ligands form molecular crystals with one molecule per unit cell, except HL 1 , which contains two chemically identical molecules; HL 1 , HL 2 , and HL 4 are centrosymmetric, and HL 3 crystallizes as a pure enantiomer. Complex 4 is mononuclear, coordinated by two deprotonated ligands through an N ₂ O ₂ donor set, while complex 2 is dinuclear, with each palladium(II) coordinated via an O ₃ N set by one bidentate anionic ligand and two bidentate‐bridging acetate anions. Phytotoxicity and animal toxicity were assessed using Triticum aestivum L. and Artemia franciscana Kellogg, respectively. Complexes were slightly more inhibitory than ligands on Triticum , but overall effects were weak, with root growth exceeding that of the negative control at all tested concentrations. Only complexes 2 and 4 exhibited dose‐dependent toxicity in Artemia , with LC ₅₀ values of 389.8 and 48.7 µM.
Related
- Novel Palladium(II) β-Diketonate Complexes: Synthesis, Dual Antimicrobial/Anticancer Activity, and Molecular Insights into DNA/Protein Interactions
- Photoinactivation of multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria isolated from dogs with otitis using tetra-cationic porphyrins bearing peripheral platinum(II) (3-PtTPyP) and palladium(II) (3-PdTPyP) complexes
- Cu(II) complexes based on morpholine-substituted thiosemicarbazones show reduced toxicity in normal cells
- Exceedance Probability and Toxicity-Value Sensitivity in Health-Risk Assessment of a Pb–Zn Slag Reprocessing Site Under the 2025 IRIS Arsenic Values
- Molecular basis of PADI6 species-specific oligomerization in maternal regulatory complexes
BibTeX
@article{stefan20262chloro5trifluoromethylanilinederived,
title = {{2‐Chloro‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)aniline‐Derived Schiff Base Palladium(II) Complexes: From Molecular Design to Acute Toxicity Assessment}},
author = {Andreea Elena Ştefan and Cristina Elena Dinu‐Pîrvu and Sergiu Shova and Ştefania Felicia Bărbuceanu and Teodora Venera Apostol and Diana Carolina Ilieş and Mihaela Badea and Mihaela Dinu and Robert Viorel Ancuceanu and Doina Drăgănescu and Elena Pahonţu},
journal = {ChemistryOpen},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1002/open.70315},
url = {https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/open.70315},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - 2‐Chloro‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)aniline‐Derived Schiff Base Palladium(II) Complexes: From Molecular Design to Acute Toxicity Assessment
AU - Andreea Elena Ştefan
AU - Cristina Elena Dinu‐Pîrvu
AU - Sergiu Shova
AU - Ştefania Felicia Bărbuceanu
AU - Teodora Venera Apostol
AU - Diana Carolina Ilieş
AU - Mihaela Badea
AU - Mihaela Dinu
AU - Robert Viorel Ancuceanu
AU - Doina Drăgănescu
AU - Elena Pahonţu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/30
JO - ChemistryOpen
DO - 10.1002/open.70315
UR - https://chemistry-europe.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/open.70315
AB - Four Schiff bases newly synthesized from 2‐chloro‐5‐(trifluoromethyl)aniline served as ligands for the preparation of four palladium(II) complexes. Characterization of all compounds was performed using the following physicochemical techniques: elemental analysis, IR, UV–vis, ¹ H NMR, ¹³ C NMR, mass spectrometry, thermal analysis, molar conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. In addition, crystals of the ligands HL 1 – HL 4 and the complexes 2 and 4 were obtained, enabling their structures to be confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Crystallography showed that ligands form molecular crystals with one molecule per unit cell, except HL 1 , which contains two chemically identical molecules; HL 1 , HL 2 , and HL 4 are centrosymmetric, and HL 3 crystallizes as a pure enantiomer. Complex 4 is mononuclear, coordinated by two deprotonated ligands through an N ₂ O ₂ donor set, while complex 2 is dinuclear, with each palladium(II) coordinated via an O ₃ N set by one bidentate anionic ligand and two bidentate‐bridging acetate anions. Phytotoxicity and animal toxicity were assessed using Triticum aestivum L. and Artemia franciscana Kellogg, respectively. Complexes were slightly more inhibitory than ligands on Triticum , but overall effects were weak, with root growth exceeding that of the negative control at all tested concentrations. Only complexes 2 and 4 exhibited dose‐dependent toxicity in Artemia , with LC ₅₀ values of 389.8 and 48.7 µM.
SN - 2191-1363
SN - 2191-1363
ER -