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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

Theranekron Attenuates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress Index, and Apoptosis in Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity: Association With Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor‐1 Alpha‐Related Gene Expression

  • Mehtap Savran1
  • Halil Asci1
  • Orhan Imeci1
  • Furkan Cagri Oguzlar2
  • Ozlem Ozmen3
  1. 1Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Suleyman Demirel University Isparta Turkey
  2. 2Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty of Medicine Suleyman Demirel University Isparta Turkey
  3. 3Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Burdur Turkey
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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effects of Theranekron, an extract derived from Tarantula cubensis venom, on cardiovascular damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in an experimental rat model. A total of 32 male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control, Lipopolysaccharide, Lipopolysaccharide plus Theranekron, and Theranekron alone. Lipopolysaccharide administration caused pronounced histopathological changes in the heart and aorta, including endothelial sloughing, hyperemia, hemorrhage, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. These pathological findings were accompanied by elevated oxidative stress markers, increased tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity, and increased caspase‐3 immunoreactivity. Additionally, genes associated with the hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α) pathway—such as interleukin 6, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and vascular endothelial growth factor—were significantly upregulated in the lipopolysaccharide group. Theranekron pretreatment was associated with partial attenuation of oxidative stress imbalance, of inflammatory and apoptotic immunoreactivity, and of the upregulation of HIF‐1α‐related transcripts. Overall, these findings suggest that Theranekron may offer partial protection against early LPS‐induced cardiovascular injury.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{savran2026theranekron,
  title = {{Theranekron Attenuates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress Index, and Apoptosis in Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity: Association With Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor‐1 Alpha‐Related Gene Expression}},
  author = {Mehtap Savran and Halil Asci and Orhan Imeci and Furkan Cagri Oguzlar and Ozlem Ozmen},
  journal = {Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1002/jbt.71131},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.71131},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Theranekron Attenuates Inflammation, Oxidative Stress Index, and Apoptosis in Lipopolysaccharide‐Induced Cardiovascular Toxicity: Association With Hypoxia‐Inducible Factor‐1 Alpha‐Related Gene Expression
AU  - Mehtap Savran
AU  - Halil Asci
AU  - Orhan Imeci
AU  - Furkan Cagri Oguzlar
AU  - Ozlem Ozmen
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/26
JO  - Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology
DO  - 10.1002/jbt.71131
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.71131
AB  - This study aimed to evaluate the possible protective effects of Theranekron, an extract derived from Tarantula cubensis venom, on cardiovascular damage induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in an experimental rat model. A total of 32 male Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control, Lipopolysaccharide, Lipopolysaccharide plus Theranekron, and Theranekron alone. Lipopolysaccharide administration caused pronounced histopathological changes in the heart and aorta, including endothelial sloughing, hyperemia, hemorrhage, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. These pathological findings were accompanied by elevated oxidative stress markers, increased tumor necrosis factor‐alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity, and increased caspase‐3 immunoreactivity. Additionally, genes associated with the hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 alpha (HIF‐1α) pathway—such as interleukin 6, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and vascular endothelial growth factor—were significantly upregulated in the lipopolysaccharide group. Theranekron pretreatment was associated with partial attenuation of oxidative stress imbalance, of inflammatory and apoptotic immunoreactivity, and of the upregulation of HIF‐1α‐related transcripts. Overall, these findings suggest that Theranekron may offer partial protection against early LPS‐induced cardiovascular injury.
SN  - 1095-6670
SN  - 1099-0461
ER  -