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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0NPJ Parkinson's Disease

Slow-SPEED: protocol for three randomised trials of remotely delivered exercise to prevent Parkinson’s disease

35 more authors
34 affiliations
  1. 1Center of Expertise for Parkinson and Movement Disorders, Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
  2. 2Center for Preventive Neurology Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
  3. 3Department of Nutrition and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
  4. 423andMe Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA USA
  5. 5Davis Phinney Foundation, Louisville, CO USA
  6. 6Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
  7. 7Department of Public Health, Medical Ethics, Philosophy and History of Medicine Programme, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
  8. 8Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
  9. 9Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
  10. 10Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL USA
  11. 11Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, The Netherlands
  12. 12Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
  13. 13Department of Neurology and Center for Health and Technology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY USA
  14. 14Center for the Brain & Environment, Atria Research and Global Health Institute, New York, NY USA
  15. 15Institut du Cerveau – Paris Brain Institute, Movement Investigations and Therapeutics Team (MOV’IT), Center for NeuroImaging Research (CENIR), Sorbonne University, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France
  16. 16Parkinson’s Foundation, Parkinson’s Advocates in Research Program, Pendergrass, GA USA
  17. 17Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Luebeck, Germany
  18. 18Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
  19. 19Massachusetts General Hospital Biostatistics, Massachusetts General Hospital and Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
  20. 20Institute for Neurodegenerative Disorders, New Haven, CT USA
  21. 21Department of Neurology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
  22. 22Sleep Medicine Center Kempenhaeghe, Heeze, The Netherlands
  23. 23Norfolk Smell & Taste Clinic, James Paget University Hospital, Gorleston, Norfolk, UK
  24. 24Rhinology & Olfactology Research Group, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
  25. 25The Neuro, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC Canada
  26. 26Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
  27. 27Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
  28. 28Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Chicago, IL USA
  29. 29Center of Neurology, Department of Parkinson’s, Sleep and Movement Disorders, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany & German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Bonn, Germany
  30. 30Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
  31. 31Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
  32. 32Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
  33. 33Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
  34. 34Cure Parkinson’s, London, UK

Abstract

We describe the design of the first non-pharmacological Parkinson’s disease prevention trials worldwide: the randomised ‘Slow-SPEED’ trials. Three trials examine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a gamified, remotely administered exercise intervention vs. active control over 18–36 months in complementary prodromal subgroups: iRBD(n = 110; Netherlands), hyposmia(n = 110; United Kingdom) or LRRK2/GBA1 mutation carriers(n = 600; United States). These trials will provide unique insights for large-scale Parkinson’s prevention studies. Protocols are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov(NCT06193252[1-5-2024];NCT06600438[9-19-2024];NCT06993142[5-28-2025]).

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BibTeX
@article{oosterhof2026slowspeed,
  title = {{Slow-SPEED: protocol for three randomised trials of remotely delivered exercise to prevent Parkinson’s disease}},
  author = {Thomas H. Oosterhof and Eleanor Mitchell and Alberto Ascherio and Stella Aslibekyan and Viktoria Azoidou and Kara Beasley and Yoav Ben-Shlomo and Eline Bunnik and Camille Carroll and Lana Chahine and Daniel Corcos and Jules M. Janssen Daalen and Karin D. van Dijk and Bauke W. Dijkstra and Lisanne Dommershuijsen and Ray Dorsey and Luc J. W. Evers and Rick C. Helmich and Martin Johansson and Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann and Jessi Keavney and Christine Klein and Matthew J. Kmiecik and Thomas Kustermann and Eric A. Macklin and Kenneth Marek and Sanne K. Meles and Sebastiaan Overeem and Carl M. Philpott and Angelique Pijpers and Ronald B. Postuma and Helen M. Rowbotham and Sabine Schootemeijer and Michael A. Schwarzschild and Tanya Simuni and Michael Sommerauer and Ambra Stefani and Kenan Steidel and Marcel Verbeek and Rick van der Vliet and Nienke M. de Vries and Bart van de Warrenburg and Richard K. Wyse and Bastiaan R. Bloem and Ruth B. Schneider and Alastair J. Noyce and Sirwan K. L. Darweesh},
  journal = {NPJ Parkinson's Disease},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Slow-SPEED: protocol for three randomised trials of remotely delivered exercise to prevent Parkinson’s disease
AU  - Thomas H. Oosterhof
AU  - Eleanor Mitchell
AU  - Alberto Ascherio
AU  - Stella Aslibekyan
AU  - Viktoria Azoidou
AU  - Kara Beasley
AU  - Yoav Ben-Shlomo
AU  - Eline Bunnik
AU  - Camille Carroll
AU  - Lana Chahine
AU  - Daniel Corcos
AU  - Jules M. Janssen Daalen
AU  - Karin D. van Dijk
AU  - Bauke W. Dijkstra
AU  - Lisanne Dommershuijsen
AU  - Ray Dorsey
AU  - Luc J. W. Evers
AU  - Rick C. Helmich
AU  - Martin Johansson
AU  - Lucy Norcliffe-Kaufmann
AU  - Jessi Keavney
AU  - Christine Klein
AU  - Matthew J. Kmiecik
AU  - Thomas Kustermann
AU  - Eric A. Macklin
AU  - Kenneth Marek
AU  - Sanne K. Meles
AU  - Sebastiaan Overeem
AU  - Carl M. Philpott
AU  - Angelique Pijpers
AU  - Ronald B. Postuma
AU  - Helen M. Rowbotham
AU  - Sabine Schootemeijer
AU  - Michael A. Schwarzschild
AU  - Tanya Simuni
AU  - Michael Sommerauer
AU  - Ambra Stefani
AU  - Kenan Steidel
AU  - Marcel Verbeek
AU  - Rick van der Vliet
AU  - Nienke M. de Vries
AU  - Bart van de Warrenburg
AU  - Richard K. Wyse
AU  - Bastiaan R. Bloem
AU  - Ruth B. Schneider
AU  - Alastair J. Noyce
AU  - Sirwan K. L. Darweesh
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/14
JO  - NPJ Parkinson's Disease
DO  - 10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-026-01463-z
AB  - We describe the design of the first non-pharmacological Parkinson’s disease prevention trials worldwide: the randomised ‘Slow-SPEED’ trials. Three trials examine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a gamified, remotely administered exercise intervention vs. active control over 18–36 months in complementary prodromal subgroups: iRBD(n = 110; Netherlands), hyposmia(n = 110; United Kingdom) or LRRK2/GBA1 mutation carriers(n = 600; United States). These trials will provide unique insights for large-scale Parkinson’s prevention studies. Protocols are registered at ClinicalTrials.gov(NCT06193252[1-5-2024];NCT06600438[9-19-2024];NCT06993142[5-28-2025]).
SN  - 2373-8057
ER  -