Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Coenzyme Q10 with Stearic Acid as Solid Lipid Phase and Nyamplung Oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) as Liquid Lipid Phase
- 1Universitas Wahid Hasyim
Abstract
Background: Coenzyme Q10 is a lipophilic antioxidant with limited aqueous solubility, poor stability, and susceptibility to photodegradation, necessitating an effective delivery system. Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) offer a promising approach to enhance its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Objective: This study aims to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the NLC system incorporating stearic acid as the solid lipid phase and nyamplung oil as the liquid lipid phase to enhance the delivery of Coenzyme Q10. Methods: Preparation of NLC using ultra-turrax equipment with a high-shear homogenization technique. Preparation was evaluated for physicochemical characteristics such as pH test, viscosity, spreadability, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and determination of Q10 levels. Results: All formulations met the acceptable pH range (5.46-5.72), with Viscosity F1: 73.16 cPs, F2: 102.82 cPs, and F3: 110.09 cPs, and entrapment efficiency F1: 95.56%, F2: 96.20%, and F3: 96.14%. F2 exhibited the most favorable characteristics with a particle size of 492.1 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.4194, followed by F1 (761.4 nm, PDI 0.6947) and F3 (4009 nm, PDI 1.00). All formulations showed zeta potential values: F1: -39.76 mV, F2: -37.73 mV, and F3: -35.44 mV. However, spreadability values are 11.81-11.99 cm. Conclusions: NLC formulations were successfully prepared from stearic acid and nyamplung oil, with F2 (4:2 ratio) demonstrating the most optimal overall characteristics, including monodisperse particle size distribution and high entrapment efficiency. F3 (5:1) failed to achieve nano-scale particle size (4009.0 nm), highlighting the critical importance of maintaining an appropriate solid-to-liquid lipid balance for successful NLC formation.
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BibTeX
@article{rochman2026nanostructured,
title = {{Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Coenzyme Q10 with Stearic Acid as Solid Lipid Phase and Nyamplung Oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) as Liquid Lipid Phase}},
author = {M Fatchur Rochman and Yulias Ninik Windriyati and Malinda Prihantini and Kiki Damayanti and Junvidya Heroweti and Arisna Ayuningtyas and Defa Putra Ardiansa},
journal = {Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.36733/medicamento.v12i2.13600},
url = {https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v12i2.13600},
note = {CC BY-NC-SA},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Coenzyme Q10 with Stearic Acid as Solid Lipid Phase and Nyamplung Oil (Calophyllum inophyllum L.) as Liquid Lipid Phase
AU - M Fatchur Rochman
AU - Yulias Ninik Windriyati
AU - Malinda Prihantini
AU - Kiki Damayanti
AU - Junvidya Heroweti
AU - Arisna Ayuningtyas
AU - Defa Putra Ardiansa
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/01
JO - Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
DO - 10.36733/medicamento.v12i2.13600
UR - https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v12i2.13600
AB - Background: Coenzyme Q10 is a lipophilic antioxidant with limited aqueous solubility, poor stability, and susceptibility to photodegradation, necessitating an effective delivery system. Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) offer a promising approach to enhance its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Objective: This study aims to determine the physicochemical characteristics of the NLC system incorporating stearic acid as the solid lipid phase and nyamplung oil as the liquid lipid phase to enhance the delivery of Coenzyme Q10. Methods: Preparation of NLC using ultra-turrax equipment with a high-shear homogenization technique. Preparation was evaluated for physicochemical characteristics such as pH test, viscosity, spreadability, particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, and determination of Q10 levels. Results: All formulations met the acceptable pH range (5.46-5.72), with Viscosity F1: 73.16 cPs, F2: 102.82 cPs, and F3: 110.09 cPs, and entrapment efficiency F1: 95.56%, F2: 96.20%, and F3: 96.14%. F2 exhibited the most favorable characteristics with a particle size of 492.1 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.4194, followed by F1 (761.4 nm, PDI 0.6947) and F3 (4009 nm, PDI 1.00). All formulations showed zeta potential values: F1: -39.76 mV, F2: -37.73 mV, and F3: -35.44 mV. However, spreadability values are 11.81-11.99 cm. Conclusions: NLC formulations were successfully prepared from stearic acid and nyamplung oil, with F2 (4:2 ratio) demonstrating the most optimal overall characteristics, including monodisperse particle size distribution and high entrapment efficiency. F3 (5:1) failed to achieve nano-scale particle size (4009.0 nm), highlighting the critical importance of maintaining an appropriate solid-to-liquid lipid balance for successful NLC formation.
SN - 2356-4814
ER -