Criterion for the existence of the G(3900) resonance
- 1Southwest Jiaotong University
- 2Chinese Academy of Sciences
- 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
Abstract
About 18 years ago, the BABAR and the Belle Collaborations reported evidence for a new cc̅ c c ¯ structure near 3900 MeV 3900 MeV in e+e− → DD̅ e + e - → D D ¯ , triggering debate over whether it represents a genuine hadronic state or arises from interference effects and the opening of the D*D̅ D ∗ D ¯ threshold. The issue remained unsettled until 2024, when BESIII, with an enlarged e+e− → DD̅ e + e - → D D ¯ sample, confirmed the presence of the G (3900) structure, reviving discussion of its nature. Although it has been proposed as a P -wave DD̅* D D ¯ ∗ molecular state, no consensus has emerged, and interference effects remain a plausible explanation. In this Letter, we show that analyzing the e+e−→ DD̅ e + e - → D D ¯ cross section as a function of the transverse momentum of the final-state D meson reveals a prominent Jacobian peak. This feature cannot be generated by interference effects alone and thus provides direct evidence for the existence of G (3900). Moreover, the peak position is highly sensitive to the actual mass of G (3900), offering a precise determination method. The criterion illustrated by G (3900) can be extended to other hadronic systems, offering a powerful tool to identify genuine resonances.
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BibTeX
@article{huang2026criterion,
title = {{Criterion for the existence of the G(3900) resonance}},
author = {Yin Huang and Xurong Chen},
journal = {The European Physical Journal C},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2},
url = {https://link.springer.com/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Criterion for the existence of the G(3900) resonance
AU - Yin Huang
AU - Xurong Chen
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/09
JO - The European Physical Journal C
DO - 10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2
UR - https://link.springer.com/10.1140/epjc/s10052-026-16432-2
AB - About 18 years ago, the BABAR and the Belle Collaborations reported evidence for a new cc̅ c c ¯ structure near 3900 MeV 3900 MeV in e^+e^− → DD̅ e + e - → D D ¯ , triggering debate over whether it represents a genuine hadronic state or arises from interference effects and the opening of the D^*D̅ D ∗ D ¯ threshold. The issue remained unsettled until 2024, when BESIII, with an enlarged e^+e^− → DD̅ e + e - → D D ¯ sample, confirmed the presence of the G (3900) structure, reviving discussion of its nature. Although it has been proposed as a P -wave DD̅^* D D ¯ ∗ molecular state, no consensus has emerged, and interference effects remain a plausible explanation. In this Letter, we show that analyzing the e^+e^−→ DD̅ e + e - → D D ¯ cross section as a function of the transverse momentum of the final-state D meson reveals a prominent Jacobian peak. This feature cannot be generated by interference effects alone and thus provides direct evidence for the existence of G (3900). Moreover, the peak position is highly sensitive to the actual mass of G (3900), offering a precise determination method. The criterion illustrated by G (3900) can be extended to other hadronic systems, offering a powerful tool to identify genuine resonances.
SN - 1434-6044
SN - 1434-6052
ER -