Crosslinked Poly(methyl Methacrylate) Bone Cement Reinforced with a Bioactive Calcium–Olsalazine Metal–Organic Framework
- 1Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shaoxing 311800, China
- 2Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- 3School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
Abstract
The applications of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement (BC) in orthopedic surgeries have exhibited two major drawbacks: inferior mechanical properties and inferior bioactivities. Herein, we describe the introduction of Ca–olsalazine metal–organic framework (MOF) materials to advance PMMA BC for the first time. The Ca–olsalazine MOFs could be directly grown on the surfaces of PMMA beads via a hydrothermal approach, and then after the double-phase polymerization reaction of PMMA, they were facilely incorporated into the PMMA BCs. Furthermore, with the Ca–olsalazine MOFs offering the amine group to react with citric acid, the amido bonding-induced crosslinking could form during the BC formation process. These treatments remarkably enhanced the mechanical properties of the PMMA BCs, including the flexural strength from 136 to 192 MPa (41.1% increase) and the compression strength from 77 to 99 MPa (28.6% increase). Moreover, the resultant crosslinked Ca–olsalazine MOF- PMMA (c/Ca-MOF/PMMA) BCs induced the deposition of apatite via immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). In addition, the c/Ca-MOF/PMMA BCs had good cytocompatibility, evaluated using NIH3T3 cells as model cells. Finally, the c/Ca-MOF/PMMA BCs were implanted subcutaneously inside SD mice for three weeks. The obtained results revealed the promotion of the host repair response. This study shows the promising potential of Ca–olsalazine bioactive MOFs in developing high-performance PMMA based BCs.
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BibTeX
@article{wang2026crosslinked,
title = {{Crosslinked Poly(methyl Methacrylate) Bone Cement Reinforced with a Bioactive Calcium–Olsalazine Metal–Organic Framework}},
author = {Haiyang Wang and Jianna Li and Jufang Chi and Jian Xiao},
journal = {Polymers},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/polym18202534},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/20/2534},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Crosslinked Poly(methyl Methacrylate) Bone Cement Reinforced with a Bioactive Calcium–Olsalazine Metal–Organic Framework
AU - Haiyang Wang
AU - Jianna Li
AU - Jufang Chi
AU - Jian Xiao
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Polymers
DO - 10.3390/polym18202534
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/20/2534
AB - The applications of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement (BC) in orthopedic surgeries have exhibited two major drawbacks: inferior mechanical properties and inferior bioactivities. Herein, we describe the introduction of Ca–olsalazine metal–organic framework (MOF) materials to advance PMMA BC for the first time. The Ca–olsalazine MOFs could be directly grown on the surfaces of PMMA beads via a hydrothermal approach, and then after the double-phase polymerization reaction of PMMA, they were facilely incorporated into the PMMA BCs. Furthermore, with the Ca–olsalazine MOFs offering the amine group to react with citric acid, the amido bonding-induced crosslinking could form during the BC formation process. These treatments remarkably enhanced the mechanical properties of the PMMA BCs, including the flexural strength from 136 to 192 MPa (41.1% increase) and the compression strength from 77 to 99 MPa (28.6% increase). Moreover, the resultant crosslinked Ca–olsalazine MOF- PMMA (c/Ca-MOF/PMMA) BCs induced the deposition of apatite via immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). In addition, the c/Ca-MOF/PMMA BCs had good cytocompatibility, evaluated using NIH3T3 cells as model cells. Finally, the c/Ca-MOF/PMMA BCs were implanted subcutaneously inside SD mice for three weeks. The obtained results revealed the promotion of the host repair response. This study shows the promising potential of Ca–olsalazine bioactive MOFs in developing high-performance PMMA based BCs.
SN - 2073-4360
ER -