Assessment of myocardial perfusion using dual-source computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging in a goat model of reperfusion injury induced by distal microembolization
- 1Department of Cardiology, Baotou Central Hospital
- 2Department of Radiology, Baotou Central Hospital
Abstract
Background: Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI) contributes to adverse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction. Microvascular obstruction (MVO), a key component of MIRI, impairs myocardial perfusion despite successful epicardial revascularization. This study aimed to establish a reproducible large-animal model of embolization-induced MVO and evaluate myocardial perfusion heterogeneity using dual-source CT myocardial perfusion imaging (DSCT-MPI).
Methods: Eight male Saanen goats underwent 30 min of left circumflex artery occlusion followed by distal microcatheter injection of 20- μ m polystyrene microspheres to induce reperfusion-associated MVO. DSCT-MPI was performed immediately after model establishment, with myocardial perfusion assessed by iodine distribution. Pathology was evaluated using triphenyltetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin–eosin staining, and Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were quantified. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the iodine concentration threshold for infarcted myocardium.
Results: Seven of eight goats survived and underwent DSCT-MPI. Of 119 myocardial segments, 39 were infarcted, 14 were non-infarcted hypoperfused segments consistent with distal MVO, and 66 were normal. Binary ROC and diagnostic-performance analyses included the 39 infarcted and 66 normal segments, excluding the 14 MVO-consistent segments. At an iodine concentration cutoff of 1,582 μg/cm ³ , DSCT-MPI achieved 89.7% sensitivity, 90.9% specificity, and an AUC of 0.848 (95% CI, 0.736–0.959), with substantial histopathological agreement ( κ = 0.798). Infarcted myocardium showed reduced Bcl-2 and increased Bax and caspase-3 expression. The 14 hypoperfused segments without TTC-confirmed necrosis were classified as MVO-consistent rather than CMD.
Conclusions: A minimally invasive, reproducible goat model of embolization-induced myocardial reperfusion injury was established. DSCT-MPI identified infarcted myocardium and non-infarcted hypoperfused regions consistent with distal MVO, demonstrating post-reperfusion perfusion heterogeneity without supporting CMD. Because no direct CMR comparison was performed, these findings should be considered exploratory pathology-based validation.
Related
- Comprehensive Cardiac Computed Tomography for Anatomical Assessment, Functional Analysis, and Myocardial Tissue Characterization in a Patient With Coronary Anomaly and Cardiac Amyloidosis
- Statement of Retraction: Baicalin regulates macrophages polarization and alleviates myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting JAK/STAT pathway.
- Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Molecular Mechanisms and Innovative Therapeutic Strategies
- AN INTEGRATED HEART-ON-A-CHIP NAM RESOLVES DISTINCT CLINICAL PHENOTYPES OF MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY
- Cardiac unloading via a transvalvular pump prevents arrhythmias following myocardial ischemia / reperfusion by preserving coronary microcirculation and cardiomyocyte nanostructure
BibTeX
@article{jin2026assessment,
title = {{Assessment of myocardial perfusion using dual-source computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging in a goat model of reperfusion injury induced by distal microembolization}},
author = {Hui Jin and Chaowei Duan and Xiaolin Chen and Yaojun Lu and Xiaolin Liu and Meng Li},
journal = {Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fcvm.2026.1809725},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1809725/full},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Assessment of myocardial perfusion using dual-source computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging in a goat model of reperfusion injury induced by distal microembolization
AU - Hui Jin
AU - Chaowei Duan
AU - Xiaolin Chen
AU - Yaojun Lu
AU - Xiaolin Liu
AU - Meng Li
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/14
JO - Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
DO - 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1809725
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1809725/full
AB - Background: Myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI) contributes to adverse outcomes after acute myocardial infarction. Microvascular obstruction (MVO), a key component of MIRI, impairs myocardial perfusion despite successful epicardial revascularization. This study aimed to establish a reproducible large-animal model of embolization-induced MVO and evaluate myocardial perfusion heterogeneity using dual-source CT myocardial perfusion imaging (DSCT-MPI). Methods: Eight male Saanen goats underwent 30 min of left circumflex artery occlusion followed by distal microcatheter injection of 20- μ m polystyrene microspheres to induce reperfusion-associated MVO. DSCT-MPI was performed immediately after model establishment, with myocardial perfusion assessed by iodine distribution. Pathology was evaluated using triphenyltetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin–eosin staining, and Bcl-2, Bax, and caspase-3 were quantified. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the iodine concentration threshold for infarcted myocardium. Results: Seven of eight goats survived and underwent DSCT-MPI. Of 119 myocardial segments, 39 were infarcted, 14 were non-infarcted hypoperfused segments consistent with distal MVO, and 66 were normal. Binary ROC and diagnostic-performance analyses included the 39 infarcted and 66 normal segments, excluding the 14 MVO-consistent segments. At an iodine concentration cutoff of 1,582 μg/cm ³ , DSCT-MPI achieved 89.7% sensitivity, 90.9% specificity, and an AUC of 0.848 (95% CI, 0.736–0.959), with substantial histopathological agreement ( κ = 0.798). Infarcted myocardium showed reduced Bcl-2 and increased Bax and caspase-3 expression. The 14 hypoperfused segments without TTC-confirmed necrosis were classified as MVO-consistent rather than CMD. Conclusions: A minimally invasive, reproducible goat model of embolization-induced myocardial reperfusion injury was established. DSCT-MPI identified infarcted myocardium and non-infarcted hypoperfused regions consistent with distal MVO, demonstrating post-reperfusion perfusion heterogeneity without supporting CMD. Because no direct CMR comparison was performed, these findings should be considered exploratory pathology-based validation.
SN - 2297-055X
ER -