Association Between Endothelial Activation and Stress Index and Microalbuminuria.
5 affiliations
- 1Department of General Practice, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- 2Department of General Practice, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- 3Fujian Hypertension Research Institute, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- 4General Practitioner Branch of Fujian Medical Doctor Association, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
- 5Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Fujian Province; Fujian Provincial Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Hypertension Disease, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.
Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX), a composite marker of endothelial dysfunction, and microalbuminuria.Methods
This cross-sectional study included adult patients from Departments of General Practice and Geriatrics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2017 and December 2023. Microalbuminuria was defined as a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) of 30-300 mg/g. EASIX was calculated as lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) × serum creatinine (mg/dL) / platelet count (10⁹/L). The association of EASIX with microalbuminuria was evaluated using logistic regression models, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and subgroup analyses.Results
Among 3,126 patients, 403 (12.9%) had microalbuminuria and exhibited significantly higher EASIX levels compared with those with normal UACR [median (P25~P75): 0.63 (0.47-0.90) vs 0.62 (0.48-0.82) mg/g, P = 0.019]. Multivariate linear regression identified EASIX as an independent factor for lnUACR (β = 0.100, 95% CI: 0.115~0.233, P<0.001). Logistic regression further showed that EASIX was independently associated with microalbuminuria (OR = 1.420, 95% CI:1.167~1.728, P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model, EASIX quartiles remained independently associated with microalbuminuria (OR = 1.395, 95% CI: 1.147~1.698, P < 0.001). RCS analysis revealed a U-shaped non-linear association (P for non-linear = 0.007), with an inflection point at EASIX = 0.625, above which the risk of microalbuminuria increased significantly. This association remained consistent across subgroups stratified by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and hypertension or diabetes status in patients with EASIX > 0.625, with no significant interactions.Conclusion
This study provides evidence that EASIX, a composite marker derived from routine blood tests, is independently associated with microalbuminuria. A threshold of 0.625 for the EASIX may warrant further investigation in longitudinal studies.
Related
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BibTeX
@article{huang2026association,
title = {{Association Between Endothelial Activation and Stress Index and Microalbuminuria.}},
author = {Wenhui Huang and Fang Liu and Yangfan Hu and Guoyan Xu and Liangdi Xie and Tingjun Wang},
journal = {Vascular health and risk management},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.2147/vhrm.s639995},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42974195},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Association Between Endothelial Activation and Stress Index and Microalbuminuria.
AU - Wenhui Huang
AU - Fang Liu
AU - Yangfan Hu
AU - Guoyan Xu
AU - Liangdi Xie
AU - Tingjun Wang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
JO - Vascular health and risk management
DO - 10.2147/vhrm.s639995
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42974195
AB - Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association between endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX), a composite marker of endothelial dysfunction, and microalbuminuria.Methods This cross-sectional study included adult patients from Departments of General Practice and Geriatrics at the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University between January 2017 and December 2023. Microalbuminuria was defined as a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) of 30-300 mg/g. EASIX was calculated as lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) × serum creatinine (mg/dL) / platelet count (10⁹/L). The association of EASIX with microalbuminuria was evaluated using logistic regression models, restricted cubic splines (RCS), and subgroup analyses.Results Among 3,126 patients, 403 (12.9%) had microalbuminuria and exhibited significantly higher EASIX levels compared with those with normal UACR [median (P25~P75): 0.63 (0.47-0.90) vs 0.62 (0.48-0.82) mg/g, P = 0.019]. Multivariate linear regression identified EASIX as an independent factor for lnUACR (β = 0.100, 95% CI: 0.115~0.233, P<0.001). Logistic regression further showed that EASIX was independently associated with microalbuminuria (OR = 1.420, 95% CI:1.167~1.728, P < 0.001). In the fully adjusted model, EASIX quartiles remained independently associated with microalbuminuria (OR = 1.395, 95% CI: 1.147~1.698, P < 0.001). RCS analysis revealed a U-shaped non-linear association (P for non-linear = 0.007), with an inflection point at EASIX = 0.625, above which the risk of microalbuminuria increased significantly. This association remained consistent across subgroups stratified by age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and hypertension or diabetes status in patients with EASIX > 0.625, with no significant interactions.Conclusion This study provides evidence that EASIX, a composite marker derived from routine blood tests, is independently associated with microalbuminuria. A threshold of 0.625 for the EASIX may warrant further investigation in longitudinal studies.
SN - 1176-6344
SN - 1178-2048
ER -