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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NCScience Advances

Electrically reconfigurable dipolar polaritons with highly tunable nonlinearity in a homobilayer microcavity

  • Baixu Xiang1
  • Yubin Wang1
  • Guihan Wen1
  • Yitong Li1
  • Hao Wen1
  • Zengde She2
  • Haiyun Liu3
  • Kenji Watanabe4
  • Takashi Taniguchi5
  • Timothy C. H. Liew6
  • Zhiyuan Sun1,7
  • Qihua Xiong1,3,7
7 affiliations
  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics and Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
  2. 2Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
  3. 3Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China.
  4. 4Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
  5. 5Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Japan.
  6. 6Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
  7. 7Frontier Science Center for Quantum Information, Beijing, China.
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Abstract

Active control over optical nonlinearity in solid-state systems is central to unlocking exotic many-body phenomena and photonic devices. While exciton-polaritons in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer a promising platform, their practical utility is impeded by fixed interactions and a trade-off between nonlinearity and oscillator strength. Here, we report electrically tunable dipolar polaritons in a dual-gated bilayer MoS₂ microcavity, demonstrating in situ reshaping of the dispersion and modulation of the light-matter coupling strength via the quantum-confined Stark effect. Crucially, this electrical control yields a seven-fold enhancement of the polariton-polariton interaction strength. This enhancement arises from the combined tuning of the effective exciton-exciton interaction and the excitonic Hopfield coefficient. In addition, electrostatic doping provides an independent knob to continuously drive a strong-to-weak coupling crossover. Our findings establish dual-gated TMD homobilayer as a versatile platform for on-chip, dynamically reconfigurable nonlinear light-matter physics.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{xiang2026electrically,
  title = {{Electrically reconfigurable dipolar polaritons with highly tunable nonlinearity in a homobilayer microcavity}},
  author = {Baixu Xiang and Yubin Wang and Guihan Wen and Yitong Li and Hao Wen and Zengde She and Haiyun Liu and Kenji Watanabe and Takashi Taniguchi and Timothy C. H. Liew and Zhiyuan Sun and Qihua Xiong},
  journal = {Science Advances},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aeh5101},
  url = {https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh5101},
  note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Electrically reconfigurable dipolar polaritons with highly tunable nonlinearity in a homobilayer microcavity
AU  - Baixu Xiang
AU  - Yubin Wang
AU  - Guihan Wen
AU  - Yitong Li
AU  - Hao Wen
AU  - Zengde She
AU  - Haiyun Liu
AU  - Kenji Watanabe
AU  - Takashi Taniguchi
AU  - Timothy C. H. Liew
AU  - Zhiyuan Sun
AU  - Qihua Xiong
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/23
JO  - Science Advances
DO  - 10.1126/sciadv.aeh5101
UR  - https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aeh5101
AB  - Active control over optical nonlinearity in solid-state systems is central to unlocking exotic many-body phenomena and photonic devices. While exciton-polaritons in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer a promising platform, their practical utility is impeded by fixed interactions and a trade-off between nonlinearity and oscillator strength. Here, we report electrically tunable dipolar polaritons in a dual-gated bilayer MoS₂ microcavity, demonstrating in situ reshaping of the dispersion and modulation of the light-matter coupling strength via the quantum-confined Stark effect. Crucially, this electrical control yields a seven-fold enhancement of the polariton-polariton interaction strength. This enhancement arises from the combined tuning of the effective exciton-exciton interaction and the excitonic Hopfield coefficient. In addition, electrostatic doping provides an independent knob to continuously drive a strong-to-weak coupling crossover. Our findings establish dual-gated TMD homobilayer as a versatile platform for on-chip, dynamically reconfigurable nonlinear light-matter physics.
SN  - 2375-2548
ER  -