Dipolar Exciton Polarons in a van der Waals Homobilayer
Abstract
Fermi polarons exemplify how many-body interactions give rise to emergent quasiparticles, providing a fundamental framework for understanding interacting quantum matter. In electron-doped two-dimensional semiconductors, exciton polarons offer optical access to Fermi-polaron physics and electrical tunability, yet achieving stronger and more controllable exciton-electron interactions remains a key challenge. Here, we realize dipolar exciton polarons in an electrically tunable van der Waals homobilayer, where interlayer excitons with spatially separated electrons and holes act as quantum impurities carrying permanent electric dipole moments. These dipolar polarons exhibit substantially enhanced exciton-electron interactions, with binding energies more than four times those of conventional intralayer exciton polarons. We further demonstrate that Fermi-sea layer polarization provides an additional degree of freedom for controlling many-body interactions. In particular, the presence of a Fermi sea induces hybridization between oppositely oriented dipolar polarons, whereas confining the Fermi sea to a single layer suppresses this hybridization and produces orientation-selective many-body dressing. Our findings establish an experimental platform for dipolar-polaron physics in which dipole orientation and Fermi-sea layer polarization jointly govern many-body interactions, opening a route towards electrically tunable interactions and dipolar-polaron-mediated attraction between itinerant electrons.
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BibTeX
@misc{duan2026dipolar,
title = {{Dipolar Exciton Polarons in a van der Waals Homobilayer}},
author = {Yuxin Duan and Hongming Zhang and Yaofeng Zhu and Hang Zhou and Xinyue Zhang and Yan Liu and Song Luo and Long Zhang and Zhanghai Chen},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.41730},
eprint = {2610.41730},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41730},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Dipolar Exciton Polarons in a van der Waals Homobilayer
AU - Yuxin Duan
AU - Hongming Zhang
AU - Yaofeng Zhu
AU - Hang Zhou
AU - Xinyue Zhang
AU - Yan Liu
AU - Song Luo
AU - Long Zhang
AU - Zhanghai Chen
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.41730
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41730
AB - Fermi polarons exemplify how many-body interactions give rise to emergent quasiparticles, providing a fundamental framework for understanding interacting quantum matter. In electron-doped two-dimensional semiconductors, exciton polarons offer optical access to Fermi-polaron physics and electrical tunability, yet achieving stronger and more controllable exciton-electron interactions remains a key challenge. Here, we realize dipolar exciton polarons in an electrically tunable van der Waals homobilayer, where interlayer excitons with spatially separated electrons and holes act as quantum impurities carrying permanent electric dipole moments. These dipolar polarons exhibit substantially enhanced exciton-electron interactions, with binding energies more than four times those of conventional intralayer exciton polarons. We further demonstrate that Fermi-sea layer polarization provides an additional degree of freedom for controlling many-body interactions. In particular, the presence of a Fermi sea induces hybridization between oppositely oriented dipolar polarons, whereas confining the Fermi sea to a single layer suppresses this hybridization and produces orientation-selective many-body dressing. Our findings establish an experimental platform for dipolar-polaron physics in which dipole orientation and Fermi-sea layer polarization jointly govern many-body interactions, opening a route towards electrically tunable interactions and dipolar-polaron-mediated attraction between itinerant electrons.
ER -