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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Exploratory Analysis of Selected MicroRNAs as Tissue-Based Candidate Biomarkers in Ovarian Cancer

  • Mateusz Kozłowski1
  • Dominika Borzyszkowska2
  • Michał Lubkowski3
  • Nina Komaniecka4
  • Aleksandra Mikulka5
  • Radosław Birger6
  • Piotr Kolczewski7
  • Agnieszka Brodowska8
  • Mateusz Kurzawski6
  • Agnieszka Kempinska-Podhorodecka3
  • Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska1
8 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology of Adults and Adolescents, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
  2. 2Department of Pediatric Surgery, Orthopedics and Urology with a Subdivision of the Burn Treatment, Independent Public Specialist Healthcare Facility “Zdroje”, 70-780 Szczecin, Poland
  3. 3Department of Functional Anatomy, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
  4. 4Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Al. Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
  5. 5Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reconstructive Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology with the High-Risk Pregnancy Unit, Independent Public Specialist Healthcare Facility “Zdroje”, 70-780 Szczecin, Poland
  6. 6Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Plac Polskiego Czerwonego Krzyża 1, 71-244 Szczecin, Poland
  7. 7Private Clinic Esthegyn, ul. Mazurska 7, 70-424 Szczecin, Poland
  8. 8Department of Gynecology, Endocrinology and Gynecological Oncology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Unii Lubelskiej 1, 71-252 Szczecin, Poland
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression and exploratory diagnostic potential of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) in ovarian cancer tissue compared with benign ovarian lesions. Tissue samples from 24 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and 22 patients with benign ovarian lesions were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Ten candidate miRNAs were assessed; six met the predefined detection criteria and were retained for analysis. Group differences were tested with non-parametric methods and false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age and menopausal status. Survival analyses were exploratory. miR-381-3p was downregulated, whereas miR-582-5p and miR-425-5p were upregulated in ovarian cancer compared with benign ovarian lesions; all three differences remained significant after FDR correction. miR-425-5p showed the highest individual diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.854) and remained associated with ovarian cancer after adjustment for age and menopausal status (OR = 7.84; 95% CI = 2.05–29.97; p = 0.003). This association was also retained in Firth penalized logistic regression. An exploratory three-miRNA panel achieved an apparent AUC of 0.858 but did not significantly outperform miR-425-5p alone (DeLong p = 0.596); its optimism-corrected bootstrap AUC was 0.822. No significant associations with survival were identified. miR-425-5p was the strongest candidate biomarker in this exploratory tissue-based study. Independent validation is required before clinical application.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{kozlowski2026exploratory,
  title = {{Exploratory Analysis of Selected MicroRNAs as Tissue-Based Candidate Biomarkers in Ovarian Cancer}},
  author = {Mateusz Kozłowski and Dominika Borzyszkowska and Michał Lubkowski and Nina Komaniecka and Aleksandra Mikulka and Radosław Birger and Piotr Kolczewski and Agnieszka Brodowska and Mateusz Kurzawski and Agnieszka Kempinska-Podhorodecka and Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska},
  journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/ijms27209122},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/9122},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Exploratory Analysis of Selected MicroRNAs as Tissue-Based Candidate Biomarkers in Ovarian Cancer
AU  - Mateusz Kozłowski
AU  - Dominika Borzyszkowska
AU  - Michał Lubkowski
AU  - Nina Komaniecka
AU  - Aleksandra Mikulka
AU  - Radosław Birger
AU  - Piotr Kolczewski
AU  - Agnieszka Brodowska
AU  - Mateusz Kurzawski
AU  - Agnieszka Kempinska-Podhorodecka
AU  - Aneta Cymbaluk-Płoska
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DO  - 10.3390/ijms27209122
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/20/9122
AB  - The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression and exploratory diagnostic potential of selected microRNAs (miRNAs) in ovarian cancer tissue compared with benign ovarian lesions. Tissue samples from 24 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer and 22 patients with benign ovarian lesions were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Ten candidate miRNAs were assessed; six met the predefined detection criteria and were retained for analysis. Group differences were tested with non-parametric methods and false discovery rate (FDR) correction. Diagnostic performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and multivariable logistic regression adjusted for age and menopausal status. Survival analyses were exploratory. miR-381-3p was downregulated, whereas miR-582-5p and miR-425-5p were upregulated in ovarian cancer compared with benign ovarian lesions; all three differences remained significant after FDR correction. miR-425-5p showed the highest individual diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.854) and remained associated with ovarian cancer after adjustment for age and menopausal status (OR = 7.84; 95% CI = 2.05–29.97; p = 0.003). This association was also retained in Firth penalized logistic regression. An exploratory three-miRNA panel achieved an apparent AUC of 0.858 but did not significantly outperform miR-425-5p alone (DeLong p = 0.596); its optimism-corrected bootstrap AUC was 0.822. No significant associations with survival were identified. miR-425-5p was the strongest candidate biomarker in this exploratory tissue-based study. Independent validation is required before clinical application.
SN  - 1422-0067
ER  -