Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on negative emotions in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 1Department of Cardiology, Shunde Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
- 2Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
Abstract
Background: Psychological distress is common in hypertension and may impair disease management. Mindfulness-based interventions have been proposed to improve emotional and health-related outcomes, but evidence in this population remains limited.
Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CNKI were searched up to December 31, 2025, for randomized controlled trials of mindfulness interventions in adults with hypertension. Continuous outcomes were pooled as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using fixed- or random-effects models. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach.
Results: Nine trials with 780 participants were included. Mindfulness interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms (SMD = −1.19, 95% CI: −1.74 to −0.64) and anxiety (SMD = −1.43, 95% CI: −2.48 to −0.39). Perceived stress was also reduced (SMD = −0.53, 95% CI: −0.82 to −0.24). Systolic (SMD = −2.10, 95% CI: −3.81 to −0.38) and diastolic blood pressure (SMD = −1.55, 95% CI: −2.69 to −0.42) were modestly reduced. Risk of bias was generally low to moderate. According to GRADE, the certainty of evidence was moderate for depression, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and low for anxiety, perceived stress, and quality of life.
Conclusions: Mindfulness-based interventions improve psychological outcomes in hypertension and may modestly lower blood pressure, supporting their use as a complementary strategy in hypertension management.
Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ , PROSPERO CRD420261328666
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BibTeX
@article{lin2026effects,
title = {{Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on negative emotions in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis}},
author = {Jiawei Lin and Changqun Lian and Guiting Zhou and Jiantao Liu and Yanlang Hua and Peijian Liu},
journal = {Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304},
url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304/full},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on negative emotions in patients with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Jiawei Lin
AU - Changqun Lian
AU - Guiting Zhou
AU - Jiantao Liu
AU - Yanlang Hua
AU - Peijian Liu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
JO - Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
DO - 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304
UR - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1941304/full
AB - Background: Psychological distress is common in hypertension and may impair disease management. Mindfulness-based interventions have been proposed to improve emotional and health-related outcomes, but evidence in this population remains limited. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis followed PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CNKI were searched up to December 31, 2025, for randomized controlled trials of mindfulness interventions in adults with hypertension. Continuous outcomes were pooled as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using fixed- or random-effects models. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane tool, and the certainty of evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Results: Nine trials with 780 participants were included. Mindfulness interventions significantly reduced depressive symptoms (SMD = −1.19, 95% CI: −1.74 to −0.64) and anxiety (SMD = −1.43, 95% CI: −2.48 to −0.39). Perceived stress was also reduced (SMD = −0.53, 95% CI: −0.82 to −0.24). Systolic (SMD = −2.10, 95% CI: −3.81 to −0.38) and diastolic blood pressure (SMD = −1.55, 95% CI: −2.69 to −0.42) were modestly reduced. Risk of bias was generally low to moderate. According to GRADE, the certainty of evidence was moderate for depression, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and low for anxiety, perceived stress, and quality of life. Conclusions: Mindfulness-based interventions improve psychological outcomes in hypertension and may modestly lower blood pressure, supporting their use as a complementary strategy in hypertension management. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ , PROSPERO CRD420261328666
SN - 2297-055X
ER -