Zirconia abutments and reduced crown-to-implant ratios: Insights into stress distribution.
- 1São Leopoldo Mandic, Department of Dentistry, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
- 2Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Unicamp, Piracicaba Dental School, Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
- 3Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate stress distributions in dental implants, zirconia abutments, and peri-implant bone tissues at different crown-to-implant ratios. In-silico analysis was performed using SolidWorks (SolidWorks Corporation, Concord) to evaluate stress distributions in the implant and abutment based on von Mises stresses, as well as in cortical and trabecular bone under maximum and minimum principal stresses. Implant-supported rehabilitation (4 × 11 mm) was simulated with zirconia abutments measuring 8 mm (RS), 10 mm (SS) and 12 mm (LS), corresponding to crown-to-implant ratios of 0.72:1, 0.90:1 and 1.1:1, respectively. An axial load of 200 N was applied and stress distribution was analyzed using numerical data and color-coded images. The RS group exhibited the highest von Mises stress (188.63 MPa), localized above the first implant thread, while SS and LS showed ~178 MPa. Additionally, RS abutments exhibited higher von Mises stress values in the implant (336.23 MPa, SS and LS: ~325 MPa), concentrated in a smaller area close to the first threads of the implant. Regarding stress in bone tissue, lower values of maximum (1.99 MPa, SS and LS: ~2.4 MPa) and minimum (-8.69 MPa, SS and LS: ~-10.6 MPa) principal stresses were found in the RS group compared to the SS and LS groups, suggesting better performance. No differences in stress distribution values were observed between the SS and LS groups. These findings suggest that a lower crown-to-implant ratio provides the most favorable stress distribution and that abutment cervical-occlusal length influences the effectiveness of oral rehabilitation.
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BibTeX
@article{grassi2026zirconia,
title = {{Zirconia abutments and reduced crown-to-implant ratios: Insights into stress distribution.}},
author = {Lorenzo Grassi and Ayrton Geroncio Silva and Guilherme Almeida Borges and Rafael Pino Vitti and Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão and Milton Edson Miranda and William Cunha Brandt and Raphael Cavalcante Costa},
journal = {Brazilian oral research},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1590/1807-3107bor-2026.vol40.076},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42912093},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Zirconia abutments and reduced crown-to-implant ratios: Insights into stress distribution.
AU - Lorenzo Grassi
AU - Ayrton Geroncio Silva
AU - Guilherme Almeida Borges
AU - Rafael Pino Vitti
AU - Valentim Adelino Ricardo Barão
AU - Milton Edson Miranda
AU - William Cunha Brandt
AU - Raphael Cavalcante Costa
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/16
JO - Brazilian oral research
DO - 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2026.vol40.076
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42912093
AB - This study aims to evaluate stress distributions in dental implants, zirconia abutments, and peri-implant bone tissues at different crown-to-implant ratios. In-silico analysis was performed using SolidWorks (SolidWorks Corporation, Concord) to evaluate stress distributions in the implant and abutment based on von Mises stresses, as well as in cortical and trabecular bone under maximum and minimum principal stresses. Implant-supported rehabilitation (4 × 11 mm) was simulated with zirconia abutments measuring 8 mm (RS), 10 mm (SS) and 12 mm (LS), corresponding to crown-to-implant ratios of 0.72:1, 0.90:1 and 1.1:1, respectively. An axial load of 200 N was applied and stress distribution was analyzed using numerical data and color-coded images. The RS group exhibited the highest von Mises stress (188.63 MPa), localized above the first implant thread, while SS and LS showed ~178 MPa. Additionally, RS abutments exhibited higher von Mises stress values in the implant (336.23 MPa, SS and LS: ~325 MPa), concentrated in a smaller area close to the first threads of the implant. Regarding stress in bone tissue, lower values of maximum (1.99 MPa, SS and LS: ~2.4 MPa) and minimum (-8.69 MPa, SS and LS: ~-10.6 MPa) principal stresses were found in the RS group compared to the SS and LS groups, suggesting better performance. No differences in stress distribution values were observed between the SS and LS groups. These findings suggest that a lower crown-to-implant ratio provides the most favorable stress distribution and that abutment cervical-occlusal length influences the effectiveness of oral rehabilitation.
SN - 1806-8324
SN - 1807-3107
ER -