Controlled Excitation for Identification of Nonlinear Systems with Saturated Outputs
Abstract
We consider nonlinear systems whose measured output is the product of an unknown matrix and a known saturation function of the unmeasured state. Generating excitation that allows the matrix to be recovered from the output is challenging when the dynamics are largely unknown. We exploit saturation to construct this excitation. Under a geometric accessibility condition, we derive explicit open-loop controls that drive the state into regions where the saturation takes prescribed values. For componentwise saturations, this condition holds generically with as few as two independent control directions. The controls require no state measurement and only partial knowledge of the dynamics, with no information on the structure of its nonlinear part. The resulting regressor is known in advance, and the unknown matrix is recovered exactly by a closed-form regression. Under stronger structural assumptions and with sufficiently many independent outputs, an output feedback tracks prescribed reference trajectories within the unsaturated region to arbitrary accuracy and permits exact state recovery. Suitably chosen references then also enable exact identification of linearly parameterized (nonlinear) dynamics. We analyze robustness to measurement noise and illustrate the method numerically in the presence of both measurement and dynamical noise.
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BibTeX
@misc{annabi2026controlled,
title = {{Controlled Excitation for Identification of Nonlinear Systems with Saturated Outputs}},
author = {Adel Malik Annabi and Jean-Baptiste Pomet and Dario Prandi and Ludovic Sacchelli},
howpublished = {HAL},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05854609v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Controlled Excitation for Identification of Nonlinear Systems with Saturated Outputs
AU - Adel Malik Annabi
AU - Jean-Baptiste Pomet
AU - Dario Prandi
AU - Ludovic Sacchelli
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/06
PB - HAL
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05854609v1
AB - We consider nonlinear systems whose measured output is the product of an unknown matrix and a known saturation function of the unmeasured state. Generating excitation that allows the matrix to be recovered from the output is challenging when the dynamics are largely unknown. We exploit saturation to construct this excitation. Under a geometric accessibility condition, we derive explicit open-loop controls that drive the state into regions where the saturation takes prescribed values. For componentwise saturations, this condition holds generically with as few as two independent control directions. The controls require no state measurement and only partial knowledge of the dynamics, with no information on the structure of its nonlinear part. The resulting regressor is known in advance, and the unknown matrix is recovered exactly by a closed-form regression. Under stronger structural assumptions and with sufficiently many independent outputs, an output feedback tracks prescribed reference trajectories within the unsaturated region to arbitrary accuracy and permits exact state recovery. Suitably chosen references then also enable exact identification of linearly parameterized (nonlinear) dynamics. We analyze robustness to measurement noise and illustrate the method numerically in the presence of both measurement and dynamical noise.
ER -