Comparison of Conventional and Fiber-Reinforced Restorative Protocols Using Standardized Three-Dimensional Printed Cracked Tooth Models: An In Vitro Study.
- 1Department of Dentistry Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais (PUCMinas) Belo Horizonte Brazil.
- 2Department of Dentistry Universidade de Uberaba (Uniube) Uberaba Brazil uniube.br.
Abstract
Objective
To compare the fracture resistance and failure patterns of different restorative protocols in standardized three-dimensional (3D)-printed cracked molars.Methods
Sixty standardized mandibular molar models were fabricated from a single digital design using 3D printing technology and randomly allocated into five experimental groups (n = 12): sound teeth, cracked teeth (CT), CT with mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavity preparation, MOD cavities restored with conventional composite resin, and MOD cavities restored with a polyethylene fiber-reinforced composite protocol. Fracture resistance was evaluated by static compressive loading. Failure patterns were classified according to predefined criteria. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test with Bonferroni adjustment (α = 0.05).Results
Significant differences in fracture resistance were observed among the experimental groups (p < 0.001). The polyethylene fiber-reinforced composite group exhibited the highest fracture resistance (1288 ± 345 N), whereas the unrestored MOD group showed the lowest values (187 ± 63 N). The fiber-reinforced and conventional composite groups did not differ significantly in fracture resistance (Bonferroni-adjusted p = 1.000). Failure patterns showed a descriptively heterogeneous distribution within the fiber-reinforced restorative protocol.Conclusions
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the fiber-reinforced restorative protocol demonstrated fracture resistance comparable to sound teeth and conventional composite restorations under static loading. The observed failure patterns differed descriptively among restorative protocols. These findings provide preliminary biomechanical evidence regarding the performance of different restorative strategies in a standardized 3D-printed model.
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BibTeX
@article{correa2026comparison,
title = {{Comparison of Conventional and Fiber-Reinforced Restorative Protocols Using Standardized Three-Dimensional Printed Cracked Tooth Models: An In Vitro Study.}},
author = {Isabella Sousa Corrêa and Kênia Maria Pereira Soares de Toubes and Alberto Nogueira da Gama Antunes and Paulo Isaías Seraidarian and Stephanie Quadros Tonelli and Daniel Sousa Pardini and Gilberto Antônio Borges and Frank Ferreira Silveira},
journal = {International journal of dentistry},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1155/ijod/9975701},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42928738},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Comparison of Conventional and Fiber-Reinforced Restorative Protocols Using Standardized Three-Dimensional Printed Cracked Tooth Models: An In Vitro Study.
AU - Isabella Sousa Corrêa
AU - Kênia Maria Pereira Soares de Toubes
AU - Alberto Nogueira da Gama Antunes
AU - Paulo Isaías Seraidarian
AU - Stephanie Quadros Tonelli
AU - Daniel Sousa Pardini
AU - Gilberto Antônio Borges
AU - Frank Ferreira Silveira
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/25
JO - International journal of dentistry
DO - 10.1155/ijod/9975701
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42928738
AB - Objective To compare the fracture resistance and failure patterns of different restorative protocols in standardized three-dimensional (3D)-printed cracked molars.Methods Sixty standardized mandibular molar models were fabricated from a single digital design using 3D printing technology and randomly allocated into five experimental groups (n = 12): sound teeth, cracked teeth (CT), CT with mesio-occluso-distal (MOD) cavity preparation, MOD cavities restored with conventional composite resin, and MOD cavities restored with a polyethylene fiber-reinforced composite protocol. Fracture resistance was evaluated by static compressive loading. Failure patterns were classified according to predefined criteria. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's post hoc test with Bonferroni adjustment (α = 0.05).Results Significant differences in fracture resistance were observed among the experimental groups (p < 0.001). The polyethylene fiber-reinforced composite group exhibited the highest fracture resistance (1288 ± 345 N), whereas the unrestored MOD group showed the lowest values (187 ± 63 N). The fiber-reinforced and conventional composite groups did not differ significantly in fracture resistance (Bonferroni-adjusted p = 1.000). Failure patterns showed a descriptively heterogeneous distribution within the fiber-reinforced restorative protocol.Conclusions Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the fiber-reinforced restorative protocol demonstrated fracture resistance comparable to sound teeth and conventional composite restorations under static loading. The observed failure patterns differed descriptively among restorative protocols. These findings provide preliminary biomechanical evidence regarding the performance of different restorative strategies in a standardized 3D-printed model.
SN - 1687-8728
SN - 1687-8736
ER -