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Peer-reviewedCC BYMedicine

Noninvasive brain stimulation for migraine : A bibliometric analysis of scientific research with thematic and keyword mapping

  • Turki Abualait1
  • Shahid Bashir2,3
  • Mohamed A. Al Maghraby1
  • Muhammad Ajmal Khan4
  • Nadeem Siddique5
  • Suzan Ahmed Al-Hamadah1
  • Saliha Mohammed Alaali1
  • Zahra Abdulmuttalib Al-Muhanna1
  • Danah Khalid Al-jaafar1
  • Lamia Ali Al-salman1
  • Rama Emad Shabana1
  • Zahra Hadi Alqallaf1
5 affiliations
  1. 1College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  2. 2Neuroscience Center, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  3. 3King Salman Center for Disability Research, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
  4. 4Directorate of Library Affairs, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
  5. 5Library Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
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Abstract

Background:: Migraine is a leading cause of global disability, with noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) emerging as a promising therapeutic alternative. Despite growing research, no bibliometric study has synthesized the field’s evolution, collaboration patterns, thematic trajectories, knowledge gaps and keyword-based research frontiers.

Methods:: We analyzed 411 publications (1992–2024) from the Web of Science Core Collection using performance analysis, science mapping (VOSviewer, CiteSpace), and thematic and keyword co-occurrence analysis using science mapping software tool. Metrics included productivity, citations, collaboration networks, author keyword frequency, co-occurrence clustering, and citation-burst detection.

Results:: Annual publications grew at 11.75%, peaking post-2013 (Food and Drug Administration approval of transcranial magnetic stimulation for migraine). The United States led in output (33.1%), while Denmark had the highest citation impact (93.1 citations/publication). Keyword analysis revealed 6 thematic clusters: pathophysiology (e.g., cortical excitability), clinical subtypes (e.g., chronic migraine), and emerging therapies (e.g., vagus nerve stimulation [VNS]). Citation-burst detection identified cortical excitability (2000–2014) and noninvasive VNS (2018–2024) as key turning points. European institutions were prominent within the collaboration networks, indicating substantial inter-institutional and international research connectivity.

Conclusions:: This bibliometric analysis maps the evolution, collaboration patterns, thematic structure, and emerging research priorities of noninvasive brain stimulation research in migraine, highlights transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation as established methods, with noninvasive VNS as an emerging frontier, while identifying geographic and thematic gaps that may inform future research.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{abualait2026noninvasive,
  title = {{Noninvasive brain stimulation for migraine : A bibliometric analysis of scientific research with thematic and keyword mapping}},
  author = {Turki Abualait and Shahid Bashir and Mohamed A. Al Maghraby and Muhammad Ajmal Khan and Nadeem Siddique and Suzan Ahmed Al-Hamadah and Saliha Mohammed Alaali and Zahra Abdulmuttalib Al-Muhanna and Danah Khalid Al-jaafar and Lamia Ali Al-salman and Rama Emad Shabana and Zahra Hadi Alqallaf},
  journal = {Medicine},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1097/md.0000000000051349},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13727236},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Noninvasive brain stimulation for migraine : A bibliometric analysis of scientific research with thematic and keyword mapping
AU  - Turki Abualait
AU  - Shahid Bashir
AU  - Mohamed A. Al Maghraby
AU  - Muhammad Ajmal Khan
AU  - Nadeem Siddique
AU  - Suzan Ahmed Al-Hamadah
AU  - Saliha Mohammed Alaali
AU  - Zahra Abdulmuttalib Al-Muhanna
AU  - Danah Khalid Al-jaafar
AU  - Lamia Ali Al-salman
AU  - Rama Emad Shabana
AU  - Zahra Hadi Alqallaf
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/30
JO  - Medicine
DO  - 10.1097/md.0000000000051349
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/PMC/PMC13727236
AB  - Background:: Migraine is a leading cause of global disability, with noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) emerging as a promising therapeutic alternative. Despite growing research, no bibliometric study has synthesized the field’s evolution, collaboration patterns, thematic trajectories, knowledge gaps and keyword-based research frontiers.  Methods:: We analyzed 411 publications (1992–2024) from the Web of Science Core Collection using performance analysis, science mapping (VOSviewer, CiteSpace), and thematic and keyword co-occurrence analysis using science mapping software tool. Metrics included productivity, citations, collaboration networks, author keyword frequency, co-occurrence clustering, and citation-burst detection.  Results:: Annual publications grew at 11.75%, peaking post-2013 (Food and Drug Administration approval of transcranial magnetic stimulation for migraine). The United States led in output (33.1%), while Denmark had the highest citation impact (93.1 citations/publication). Keyword analysis revealed 6 thematic clusters: pathophysiology (e.g., cortical excitability), clinical subtypes (e.g., chronic migraine), and emerging therapies (e.g., vagus nerve stimulation [VNS]). Citation-burst detection identified cortical excitability (2000–2014) and noninvasive VNS (2018–2024) as key turning points. European institutions were prominent within the collaboration networks, indicating substantial inter-institutional and international research connectivity.  Conclusions:: This bibliometric analysis maps the evolution, collaboration patterns, thematic structure, and emerging research priorities of noninvasive brain stimulation research in migraine, highlights transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation as established methods, with noninvasive VNS as an emerging frontier, while identifying geographic and thematic gaps that may inform future research.
SN  - 0304-5412
SN  - 1536-5964
SN  - 0025-7974
ER  -