Resonantly-Enhanced Baryogenesis through Asymmetric Capture by Primordial Black Holes
Abstract
Primordial black holes (PBHs) can generate the Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) through asymmetric capture of baryon-charge-carrying particles, but previous realizations of this mechanism typically yield an asymmetry well below the observed value because the relevant CP-violating scattering asymmetry is loop suppressed. We show that this limitation can be overcome through resonant CP violation in a mixed system of two nearly degenerate unstable fermions, Y1,2, whose mass splitting is comparable to their decay widths. Rare production of the coherent Y1--Y2 state, followed by CP-asymmetric return and loss decays, generates an 𝒪(0.1) difference in integrated decay probabilities while preserving the global baryon charge at the Lagrangian level. Embedding this resonant source in the PBH-capture transport system yields the observed baryon asymmetry. We first reproduce the mechanism in a zero-temperature, sudden-evaporation treatment, which gives ηBT=0≃2.37×10−10≃2.72 ηBobs. We find that after including thermal corrections and continuous PBH evaporation and entropy production, the resulting BAU becomes ηB = 8.72× 10−11 in agreement with the observed value. An interesting finding of the model is that even if PBH absorption remains active, we would still have BAU ηBno evap ∼ 9.1 × 10−12 ∼ 0.105 ηBobs. We further investigate gravitational-wave signatures associated with the primordial fluctuations responsible for PBH formation. The corresponding scalar-induced gravitational-wave spectra peak at f ∼ 0.16−−0.17 MHz, with h2ΩGWpeak ∼ (3−−7)× 10−8. Under idealized sensitivity assumptions, U-DECIGO can achieve signal-to-noise ratios above 10 for the benchmark spectra.
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BibTeX
@misc{abuajamieh2026resonantlyenhanced,
title = {{Resonantly-Enhanced Baryogenesis through Asymmetric Capture by Primordial Black Holes}},
author = {Fayez Abu-Ajamieh and Xiaoyan Huo},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.33031},
eprint = {2609.33031},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.33031},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Resonantly-Enhanced Baryogenesis through Asymmetric Capture by Primordial Black Holes
AU - Fayez Abu-Ajamieh
AU - Xiaoyan Huo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/30
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.33031
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.33031
AB - Primordial black holes (PBHs) can generate the Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe (BAU) through asymmetric capture of baryon-charge-carrying particles, but previous realizations of this mechanism typically yield an asymmetry well below the observed value because the relevant CP-violating scattering asymmetry is loop suppressed. We show that this limitation can be overcome through resonant CP violation in a mixed system of two nearly degenerate unstable fermions, Y_1,2, whose mass splitting is comparable to their decay widths. Rare production of the coherent Y_1--Y_2 state, followed by CP-asymmetric return and loss decays, generates an 𝒪(0.1) difference in integrated decay probabilities while preserving the global baryon charge at the Lagrangian level. Embedding this resonant source in the PBH-capture transport system yields the observed baryon asymmetry. We first reproduce the mechanism in a zero-temperature, sudden-evaporation treatment, which gives η_B^T=0≃2.37×10^−10≃2.72 η_B^obs. We find that after including thermal corrections and continuous PBH evaporation and entropy production, the resulting BAU becomes η_B = 8.72× 10^−11 in agreement with the observed value. An interesting finding of the model is that even if PBH absorption remains active, we would still have BAU η_B^no evap ∼ 9.1 × 10^−12 ∼ 0.105 η_B^obs. We further investigate gravitational-wave signatures associated with the primordial fluctuations responsible for PBH formation. The corresponding scalar-induced gravitational-wave spectra peak at f ∼ 0.16−−0.17 MHz, with h^2Ω_GW^peak ∼ (3−−7)× 10^−8. Under idealized sensitivity assumptions, U-DECIGO can achieve signal-to-noise ratios above 10 for the benchmark spectra.
ER -