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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0ACS Omega

Tuning High-Voltage Cu–Fe Redox in P2-Type Layered Metal Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

  • Hina Parappan1
  • Greeshma Caroline1
  • Shantikumar V. Nair1
  • Senthilkumar Baskar1
  1. 1Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham , , , ,
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Abstract

P2-type layered oxides have gained significant attention in energy storage applications due to their superior rate capability and cycling performance. However, P2-type layered oxides suffer from low sodium content and irreversible phase transitions at high voltages, limiting reversible capacity and long-term durability. Although Cu–Mn-based systems offer a high operating voltage through the Cu2+/Cu3+ redox couple, the accessible voltage window remains narrow, resulting in restricted capacity. In this work, we employ a compositional engineering strategy by introducing Fe into the Cu–Mn framework to enhance both structural stability and redox activity. Fe incorporation enhances structural stability and redox activity by introducing additional cationic redox centers. The synergistic involvement of the Cu2+/Cu3+ and Fe3+/Fe4+ redox couples maintains a high average voltage (∼3.54 V) while improving electrochemical reversibility. The resulting P2–Na0.7Cu0.3Mn0.6Fe0.1O2 cathode demonstrates a reversible capacity exceeding ∼90 mAh g–1 when combined with CNTs, along with excellent cycling stability. Ex situ XRD analysis reveals reversible phase evolution, confirming enhanced structural robustness during cycling. This study highlights the effectiveness of Fe substitution in optimizing Cu–Mn cathode chemistry, offering a promising pathway for high-energy and durable sodium-ion battery systems.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{parappan2026tuning,
  title = {{Tuning High-Voltage Cu–Fe Redox in P2-Type Layered Metal Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries}},
  author = {Hina Parappan and Greeshma Caroline and Shantikumar V. Nair and Senthilkumar Baskar},
  journal = {ACS Omega},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1021/acsomega.6c08581},
  url = {https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/40/62115/5443540/Tuning-High-Voltage-Cu-Fe-Redox-in-P2-Type-Layered},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Tuning High-Voltage Cu–Fe Redox in P2-Type Layered Metal Oxide Cathodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries
AU  - Hina Parappan
AU  - Greeshma Caroline
AU  - Shantikumar V. Nair
AU  - Senthilkumar Baskar
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/01
JO  - ACS Omega
DO  - 10.1021/acsomega.6c08581
UR  - https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/40/62115/5443540/Tuning-High-Voltage-Cu-Fe-Redox-in-P2-Type-Layered
AB  - P2-type layered oxides have gained significant attention in energy storage applications due to their superior rate capability and cycling performance. However, P2-type layered oxides suffer from low sodium content and irreversible phase transitions at high voltages, limiting reversible capacity and long-term durability. Although Cu–Mn-based systems offer a high operating voltage through the Cu2+/Cu3+ redox couple, the accessible voltage window remains narrow, resulting in restricted capacity. In this work, we employ a compositional engineering strategy by introducing Fe into the Cu–Mn framework to enhance both structural stability and redox activity. Fe incorporation enhances structural stability and redox activity by introducing additional cationic redox centers. The synergistic involvement of the Cu2+/Cu3+ and Fe3+/Fe4+ redox couples maintains a high average voltage (∼3.54 V) while improving electrochemical reversibility. The resulting P2–Na0.7Cu0.3Mn0.6Fe0.1O2 cathode demonstrates a reversible capacity exceeding ∼90 mAh g–1 when combined with CNTs, along with excellent cycling stability. Ex situ XRD analysis reveals reversible phase evolution, confirming enhanced structural robustness during cycling. This study highlights the effectiveness of Fe substitution in optimizing Cu–Mn cathode chemistry, offering a promising pathway for high-energy and durable sodium-ion battery systems.
SN  - 2470-1343
ER  -