Estimation of ZIKV and DENV seroprevalence rates in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2018

Abstract

OBJECTIVE To estimate the accuracy of rapid tests for Zika and dengue in areas with cocirculation of flaviviruses and their prevalence rates in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, using methodologies for correction of partial verification bias. METHODS A study was conducted based on a seroepidemiological survey. Participants underwent rapid tests for Zika and dengue. Venous blood samples were collected from participants with positive rapid test results for Zika and/or dengue, for diagnostic confirmation by the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). To estimate prevalence, sensitivity and specificity parameters of the rapid tests were verified using the correction methodology proposed by Begg and Greenes (1983). RESULTS A total of 2,120 participants underwent rapid test, and 1,087 (51.2%) were indicated for performing PRNT. The samples from 769 participants underwent PRNT, resulting in 686 (89.2%) positive samples for dengue and 522 (67.8%) for Zika. The sensitivity rates corrected for partial verification bias were 81.0% and 91.5% for the dengue and Zika rapid tests, respectively. The corrected specificity rates were 66.7% for the dengue rapid test and 77.1% for the Zika rapid test. The estimated population prevalence rates, corrected for rapid test accuracy, were 88.0% for dengue (95%CI: 86.7–89.4) and 41.6% for Zika (95%CI: 38.6–44.5). CONCLUSIONS After correction for partial verification bias, the Zika rapid test performed better than the dengue rapid test in the scenario of arbovirus cocirculation. Our findings indicate that the population of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro is predominantly exposed to the dengue virus.

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BibTeX

@article{marins2026estimation,
  title = {{Estimation of ZIKV and DENV seroprevalence rates in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2018}},
  author = {Geani de Oliveira Marins and Thiago de Oliveira Pires and Reinaldo Souza-Santos and Andréa Sobral and Rafael Freitas de Oliveira Franca and Elisa de Almeida Neves Azevedo and Marília de Albuquerque Sena and Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de Oliveira and André Reynaldo Santos Périssé},
  journal = {Revista de Saúde Pública},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.11606/s1518-8787.2026060007181},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2026060007181},
  note = {CC BY},
}

RIS

TY  - JOUR
TI  - Estimation of ZIKV and DENV seroprevalence rates in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2018
AU  - Geani de Oliveira Marins
AU  - Thiago de Oliveira Pires
AU  - Reinaldo Souza-Santos
AU  - Andréa Sobral
AU  - Rafael Freitas de Oliveira Franca
AU  - Elisa de Almeida Neves Azevedo
AU  - Marília de Albuquerque Sena
AU  - Raquel de Vasconcellos Carvalhaes de Oliveira
AU  - André Reynaldo Santos Périssé
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/02
JO  - Revista de Saúde Pública
DO  - 10.11606/s1518-8787.2026060007181
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2026060007181
AB  - OBJECTIVE To estimate the accuracy of rapid tests for Zika and dengue in areas with cocirculation of flaviviruses and their prevalence rates in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, using methodologies for correction of partial verification bias. METHODS A study was conducted based on a seroepidemiological survey. Participants underwent rapid tests for Zika and dengue. Venous blood samples were collected from participants with positive rapid test results for Zika and/or dengue, for diagnostic confirmation by the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). To estimate prevalence, sensitivity and specificity parameters of the rapid tests were verified using the correction methodology proposed by Begg and Greenes (1983). RESULTS A total of 2,120 participants underwent rapid test, and 1,087 (51.2%) were indicated for performing PRNT. The samples from 769 participants underwent PRNT, resulting in 686 (89.2%) positive samples for dengue and 522 (67.8%) for Zika. The sensitivity rates corrected for partial verification bias were 81.0% and 91.5% for the dengue and Zika rapid tests, respectively. The corrected specificity rates were 66.7% for the dengue rapid test and 77.1% for the Zika rapid test. The estimated population prevalence rates, corrected for rapid test accuracy, were 88.0% for dengue (95%CI: 86.7–89.4) and 41.6% for Zika (95%CI: 38.6–44.5). CONCLUSIONS After correction for partial verification bias, the Zika rapid test performed better than the dengue rapid test in the scenario of arbovirus cocirculation. Our findings indicate that the population of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro is predominantly exposed to the dengue virus.
SN  - 1518-8787
SN  - 0034-8910
ER  -

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