Direct synthesis of moiré graphene with twist-tuned hybridization
Abstract
Twisted van der Waals (vdW) systems provide a powerful platform for exploring emergent correlated phenomena, including superconductivity, magnetism, and topological phases. The twist angle offers a continuous tuning parameter for modifying the underlying Hamiltonian, however, precise and reproducible control remains challenging. Existing approaches are limited by single-use device architectures, restricted angular precision, or vertical probing geometries. Here we introduce a reconfigurable graphene-based moiré platform in which two independently fabricated layers are mechanically assembled and rotated in situ using a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS). Raman spectroscopy confirms the formation and robustness of the twist-induced moiré potential and enables continuous, deterministic control of the twist angle. The moiré potential folds the electronic band structure and activates the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon mode, allowing us to map its dispersion and directly visualize the moiré momentum. Angle-dependent electronic band hybridization is resolved through the evolution of the double-resonant 2D mode. Near 0∘, an emergent asymmetry of the Γ-point G-mode phonon reveals phonon band folding and hybridization driven by the moiré superlattice potential and interlayer relaxation. Our platform provides a reproducible Raman reference for twisted bilayer graphene while eliminating device-to-device variability. More broadly, it establishes the twist angle as a deterministically controllable parameter for systematic studies of correlated and topological phenomena in moiré quantum materials.
Related
- Electrically tunable moiré hybridization in scalable twist-with-a-spacer structures
- Quasi-crystalline phase of twisted bilayer graphene - extracting twist angles from LEED data by a high-resolution moiré spot analysis
- Hierarchical Relaxation in Large-twist-angle Moire Drives Supermoire Formation
- Twist and strain identification in moiré heterostructures
- Hybridization, degeneracy and polarization independence of modes in square array of graphene disk resonators with symmetry C4v
BibTeX
@misc{park2026direct,
title = {{Direct synthesis of moiré graphene with twist-tuned hybridization}},
author = {Seunghyun Park and Daniel T. Larson and Zeyu Hao and Takashi Taniguchi and Kenji Watanabe and Efthimios Kaxiras and Yuan Cao and Amir Yacoby},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.07429},
eprint = {2610.07429},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07429},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Direct synthesis of moiré graphene with twist-tuned hybridization
AU - Seunghyun Park
AU - Daniel T. Larson
AU - Zeyu Hao
AU - Takashi Taniguchi
AU - Kenji Watanabe
AU - Efthimios Kaxiras
AU - Yuan Cao
AU - Amir Yacoby
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/05
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.07429
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07429
AB - Twisted van der Waals (vdW) systems provide a powerful platform for exploring emergent correlated phenomena, including superconductivity, magnetism, and topological phases. The twist angle offers a continuous tuning parameter for modifying the underlying Hamiltonian, however, precise and reproducible control remains challenging. Existing approaches are limited by single-use device architectures, restricted angular precision, or vertical probing geometries. Here we introduce a reconfigurable graphene-based moiré platform in which two independently fabricated layers are mechanically assembled and rotated in situ using a micro-electromechanical system (MEMS). Raman spectroscopy confirms the formation and robustness of the twist-induced moiré potential and enables continuous, deterministic control of the twist angle. The moiré potential folds the electronic band structure and activates the longitudinal optical (LO) phonon mode, allowing us to map its dispersion and directly visualize the moiré momentum. Angle-dependent electronic band hybridization is resolved through the evolution of the double-resonant 2D mode. Near 0^∘, an emergent asymmetry of the Γ-point G-mode phonon reveals phonon band folding and hybridization driven by the moiré superlattice potential and interlayer relaxation. Our platform provides a reproducible Raman reference for twisted bilayer graphene while eliminating device-to-device variability. More broadly, it establishes the twist angle as a deterministically controllable parameter for systematic studies of correlated and topological phenomena in moiré quantum materials.
ER -