Organ-Specific Phenolic Specialization and Antioxidant Responses in Crocus cancellatus: LC–MS/MS and Multivariate Analysis
- 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60250 Tokat, Türkiye
Abstract
Organ-specific allocation of phenolic metabolites may shape antioxidant responses in Crocus species. This study characterized stamen, pistil, tepal, perigon tube, and corm of Crocus cancellatus Herb. using ultrasound-assisted methanolic extraction, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with 30 authentic standards, six antioxidant assays, a relative antioxidant capacity index, Pearson correlation analysis, and principal component analysis. Twenty phenolic compounds were quantified. Hesperidin predominated in all organs and was highest in the tepal (17,660 ± 60 μg/g extract), approximately 43-fold above the corm. The pistil contained the highest 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (331 ± 1 μg/g extract) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (341 ± 2 μg/g extract), whereas the corm was enriched in pinoresinol (60.1 ± 0.8 μg/g extract) and uniquely contained vanillin (16.0 ± 0.6 μg/g extract). The tepal showed the highest total flavonoid content (81.50 ± 0.40 mg RE/g extract), while the stamen had the highest total phenolic content (12.63 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g extract). The corm showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging (IC50 = 3.96 mg/mL), whereas the pistil led in ABTS and FRAP responses. Principal component analysis explained 64.16% of total variance and separated the five organ profiles. These findings demonstrate organ-specific phenolic specialization and support targeted bioactivity studies.
Related
- Untargeted metabolomics and antioxidant responses reveal tissue- and species-specific metabolic profiles in three Epimedium species
- Physicochemical characteristics, antioxidant capacity, and oxidative stress profiles of dairy and plant-based milks: a comparative multivariate analysis
- Total phenolic content is associated with antioxidant activity independently of preliminary toxicity in medicinal plants from Sinaloa, Mexico: a multivariate approach
- Gene expression, Antioxidant Responses, and metabolomic Profiling Reveal Chlorella vulgaris Mediated Protection against acetaminophen and microplastic Co-toxicity in Oreochromis niloticus
- GPR87 protects UVB-damaged skin by coordinating antioxidant, DNA repair, and anti-inflammatory responses via Nrf2 and PI3K/AKT–NF-κB pathways
BibTeX
@article{selvi2026organspecific,
title = {{Organ-Specific Phenolic Specialization and Antioxidant Responses in Crocus cancellatus: LC–MS/MS and Multivariate Analysis}},
author = {Bedrettin Selvi},
journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/ijms27198904},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/19/8904},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Organ-Specific Phenolic Specialization and Antioxidant Responses in Crocus cancellatus: LC–MS/MS and Multivariate Analysis
AU - Bedrettin Selvi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences
DO - 10.3390/ijms27198904
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/19/8904
AB - Organ-specific allocation of phenolic metabolites may shape antioxidant responses in Crocus species. This study characterized stamen, pistil, tepal, perigon tube, and corm of Crocus cancellatus Herb. using ultrasound-assisted methanolic extraction, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with 30 authentic standards, six antioxidant assays, a relative antioxidant capacity index, Pearson correlation analysis, and principal component analysis. Twenty phenolic compounds were quantified. Hesperidin predominated in all organs and was highest in the tepal (17,660 ± 60 μg/g extract), approximately 43-fold above the corm. The pistil contained the highest 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (331 ± 1 μg/g extract) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (341 ± 2 μg/g extract), whereas the corm was enriched in pinoresinol (60.1 ± 0.8 μg/g extract) and uniquely contained vanillin (16.0 ± 0.6 μg/g extract). The tepal showed the highest total flavonoid content (81.50 ± 0.40 mg RE/g extract), while the stamen had the highest total phenolic content (12.63 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g extract). The corm showed the strongest DPPH radical scavenging (IC50 = 3.96 mg/mL), whereas the pistil led in ABTS and FRAP responses. Principal component analysis explained 64.16% of total variance and separated the five organ profiles. These findings demonstrate organ-specific phenolic specialization and support targeted bioactivity studies.
SN - 1422-0067
ER -