Trunk Rotation Isokinetic Strength Changes During a 15-Week Periodized Strength Training Program in Three Chinese Elite Paralympic and Deaflympic Throwers.
- 1School of Competitive Sports, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
- 2Key Laboratory of Sports Performance Evaluation and Monitoring, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
Abstract
Background: Trunk rotation strength is a key performance factor in throwing events, but periodized training effects in elite Paralympic and Deaflympic throwers are sparsely documented. Methods: Three Chinese elite throwers (one F35 cerebral palsy, one F60 hearing impairment, and one F11 visual impairment) completed a 15-week Bompa-based periodized strength program (3 November 2018 to 16 February 2019). Trunk rotation peak torque (PT) and peak power (PP) were measured on a Biodex System 4 dynamometer at four angular velocities (60, 120, 150, and 180°/s) before and after the intervention. Results: Effect sizes for trunk rotation peak torque and peak power ranged from negligible to large (d = 0.05-2.93). The F35 athlete showed a decline in left-rotation peak torque at 180°/s (270.73 → 260.40 N·m, d = 0.64) and persistent left-right asymmetry. The F60 and F11 athletes showed predominantly positive adaptations across velocities. Due to the small heterogeneous sample (n = 3) and absence of a control group, these findings are hypothesis-generating rather than confirmatory. Throwing performance was not measured. Conclusions: The program is descriptively feasible across F35/F60/F11 classifications, but findings are hypothesis-generating given the absence of a control group and the small heterogeneous sample. Throwing performance was not measured.
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BibTeX
@article{hou2026trunk,
title = {{Trunk Rotation Isokinetic Strength Changes During a 15-Week Periodized Strength Training Program in Three Chinese Elite Paralympic and Deaflympic Throwers.}},
author = {Muzu Hou and Haifeng Ma},
journal = {Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.3390/jfmk11040389},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924668},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Trunk Rotation Isokinetic Strength Changes During a 15-Week Periodized Strength Training Program in Three Chinese Elite Paralympic and Deaflympic Throwers.
AU - Muzu Hou
AU - Haifeng Ma
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/28
JO - Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology
DO - 10.3390/jfmk11040389
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924668
AB - Background: Trunk rotation strength is a key performance factor in throwing events, but periodized training effects in elite Paralympic and Deaflympic throwers are sparsely documented. Methods: Three Chinese elite throwers (one F35 cerebral palsy, one F60 hearing impairment, and one F11 visual impairment) completed a 15-week Bompa-based periodized strength program (3 November 2018 to 16 February 2019). Trunk rotation peak torque (PT) and peak power (PP) were measured on a Biodex System 4 dynamometer at four angular velocities (60, 120, 150, and 180°/s) before and after the intervention. Results: Effect sizes for trunk rotation peak torque and peak power ranged from negligible to large (d = 0.05-2.93). The F35 athlete showed a decline in left-rotation peak torque at 180°/s (270.73 → 260.40 N·m, d = 0.64) and persistent left-right asymmetry. The F60 and F11 athletes showed predominantly positive adaptations across velocities. Due to the small heterogeneous sample (n = 3) and absence of a control group, these findings are hypothesis-generating rather than confirmatory. Throwing performance was not measured. Conclusions: The program is descriptively feasible across F35/F60/F11 classifications, but findings are hypothesis-generating given the absence of a control group and the small heterogeneous sample. Throwing performance was not measured.
SN - 2411-5142
ER -