Optimal robust single-qubit gates in superconducting quantum processors
Abstract
Fault-tolerant quantum computing requires high-fidelity quantum gates that are resilient to control errors and device imperfections. Here, we develop energy-optimal control pulses for single-qubit gates that are simultaneously robust against frequency detuning and waveform inhomogeneities while also suppressing leakage outside the computational subspace. Combining the optimized pulse envelopes with an adaptive control scheme, we experimentally demonstrate optimal robust gates on a superconducting quantum processor. For a gate duration of 90ns, we achieve fidelities above 99.9% for the X gate and 99.6% for Hadamard-type gates. For the X gate, we maintain fidelities above 99.5% for simultaneous drive-amplitude variations up to 20% and qubit detuning up to 4 MHz. This robustness outperforms that of conventional Gaussian pulses by an order of magnitude, without much difference in peak gate fidelity. These results establish a route towards robust single-qubit control in large-scale quantum processors, advancing the development of fault-tolerant quantum computing.
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BibTeX
@misc{huang2026optimal,
title = {{Optimal robust single-qubit gates in superconducting quantum processors}},
author = {Tangyou Huang and Anuj Aggarwal and Jingjun Zhu and Akshay Gaikwad and David Niepce and Marcus Rommel and Andreas Nylander and Amr Osman and Anita Fadavi Rousari and Janka Biznárová and Stéphane Guérin and Gheorghe Sorin Paraoanu and Anton Frisk Kockum and Giovanna Tancredi},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.24212},
eprint = {2610.24212},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.24212},
note = {CC BY-NC-SA 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Optimal robust single-qubit gates in superconducting quantum processors
AU - Tangyou Huang
AU - Anuj Aggarwal
AU - Jingjun Zhu
AU - Akshay Gaikwad
AU - David Niepce
AU - Marcus Rommel
AU - Andreas Nylander
AU - Amr Osman
AU - Anita Fadavi Rousari
AU - Janka Biznárová
AU - Stéphane Guérin
AU - Gheorghe Sorin Paraoanu
AU - Anton Frisk Kockum
AU - Giovanna Tancredi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/16
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.24212
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.24212
AB - Fault-tolerant quantum computing requires high-fidelity quantum gates that are resilient to control errors and device imperfections. Here, we develop energy-optimal control pulses for single-qubit gates that are simultaneously robust against frequency detuning and waveform inhomogeneities while also suppressing leakage outside the computational subspace. Combining the optimized pulse envelopes with an adaptive control scheme, we experimentally demonstrate optimal robust gates on a superconducting quantum processor. For a gate duration of 90ns, we achieve fidelities above 99.9% for the X gate and 99.6% for Hadamard-type gates. For the X gate, we maintain fidelities above 99.5% for simultaneous drive-amplitude variations up to 20% and qubit detuning up to 4 MHz. This robustness outperforms that of conventional Gaussian pulses by an order of magnitude, without much difference in peak gate fidelity. These results establish a route towards robust single-qubit control in large-scale quantum processors, advancing the development of fault-tolerant quantum computing.
ER -