Singly resonant InGaP microresonators for efficient, low-threshold second-order nonlinear optics
Abstract
Strong χ(2) interactions at low optical powers are key to scalable nonlinear and quantum photonics. Although doubly resonant microresonators exhibit exceptional efficiencies, they require simultaneous resonance and phase matching of widely separated optical frequencies, making them inherently sensitive to fabrication and operating conditions. Singly resonant cavities eliminate this constraint by resonating at only the fundamental frequency while the second-harmonic field propagates in a single pass, but they have traditionally sacrificed nonlinear efficiency. Here, we demonstrate a singly resonant InGaP-on-insulator microresonator that overcomes this tradeoff. Combining the large χ(2) nonlinearity of InGaP with high-quality-factor resonators, we achieve efficient and widely tunable second-harmonic generation, broadband quantum-frequency-comb generation, and low-threshold optical parametric oscillation. Unlike conventional centimeter-long singly resonant devices, our millimeter-scale InGaP devices deliver nonlinear performance comparable to, and even exceeding, doubly resonant systems. By overcoming the conventional efficiency-robustness tradeoff of singly resonant devices, this work opens a new route to low-power, broadband, and widely tunable χ(2) nonlinear and quantum photonics.
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BibTeX
@misc{pang2026singly,
title = {{Singly resonant InGaP microresonators for efficient, low-threshold second-order nonlinear optics}},
author = {Yiming Pang and Xuefeng Li and Lucas Wang and Lillian Thiel and Melissa A. Guidry and Joshua E. Castro and Max Meunier and Nergis Mavalvala and John E. Bowers and Galan Moody},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.16718},
eprint = {2609.16718},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16718},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Singly resonant InGaP microresonators for efficient, low-threshold second-order nonlinear optics
AU - Yiming Pang
AU - Xuefeng Li
AU - Lucas Wang
AU - Lillian Thiel
AU - Melissa A. Guidry
AU - Joshua E. Castro
AU - Max Meunier
AU - Nergis Mavalvala
AU - John E. Bowers
AU - Galan Moody
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/15
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.16718
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.16718
AB - Strong χ^(2) interactions at low optical powers are key to scalable nonlinear and quantum photonics. Although doubly resonant microresonators exhibit exceptional efficiencies, they require simultaneous resonance and phase matching of widely separated optical frequencies, making them inherently sensitive to fabrication and operating conditions. Singly resonant cavities eliminate this constraint by resonating at only the fundamental frequency while the second-harmonic field propagates in a single pass, but they have traditionally sacrificed nonlinear efficiency. Here, we demonstrate a singly resonant InGaP-on-insulator microresonator that overcomes this tradeoff. Combining the large χ^(2) nonlinearity of InGaP with high-quality-factor resonators, we achieve efficient and widely tunable second-harmonic generation, broadband quantum-frequency-comb generation, and low-threshold optical parametric oscillation. Unlike conventional centimeter-long singly resonant devices, our millimeter-scale InGaP devices deliver nonlinear performance comparable to, and even exceeding, doubly resonant systems. By overcoming the conventional efficiency-robustness tradeoff of singly resonant devices, this work opens a new route to low-power, broadband, and widely tunable χ^(2) nonlinear and quantum photonics.
ER -