Is Dual Polarization Always Optimal? Unlocking New Spatial Degrees of Freedom
Abstract
Current wireless communication systems are designed based on channel models obtained under the assumption of far-field operation, where electromagnetic waves can be approximated by a planar wave. In those circumstances, dualpolarized antennas seem to be the optimal solution for maximizing the spectral efficiency. However, the recent research on XLMIMO systems represents a paradigm shift, since communication may take place in the near-field and an additional degree of freedom can be achieved. This work presents a modular, lowcost tripolarized antenna at 2.4 GHz band, that is used to experimentally validate theoretical findings about tripolarized antennas, which are commonly based on orthogonal infinitesimal dipoles. The evaluation is carried out in two indoor scenarios and one outdoor scenario, with transmitter comprising multiple tripolarized antennas and a receiver equipped with a single tripolarized antenna. We show that this type of antenna can increase the number of spatial streams up to three or extend the region where terminals are able to achieve two spatial streams
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BibTeX
@misc{agustin2026dual,
title = {{Is Dual Polarization Always Optimal? Unlocking New Spatial Degrees of Freedom}},
author = {Adrian Agustin and Xavier Mestre and Carlos Suárez García and Alberto Pellon Sancho},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.38377},
eprint = {2610.38377},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.38377},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Is Dual Polarization Always Optimal? Unlocking New Spatial Degrees of Freedom
AU - Adrian Agustin
AU - Xavier Mestre
AU - Carlos Suárez García
AU - Alberto Pellon Sancho
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/28
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.38377
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.38377
AB - Current wireless communication systems are designed based on channel models obtained under the assumption of far-field operation, where electromagnetic waves can be approximated by a planar wave. In those circumstances, dualpolarized antennas seem to be the optimal solution for maximizing the spectral efficiency. However, the recent research on XLMIMO systems represents a paradigm shift, since communication may take place in the near-field and an additional degree of freedom can be achieved. This work presents a modular, lowcost tripolarized antenna at 2.4 GHz band, that is used to experimentally validate theoretical findings about tripolarized antennas, which are commonly based on orthogonal infinitesimal dipoles. The evaluation is carried out in two indoor scenarios and one outdoor scenario, with transmitter comprising multiple tripolarized antennas and a receiver equipped with a single tripolarized antenna. We show that this type of antenna can increase the number of spatial streams up to three or extend the region where terminals are able to achieve two spatial streams
ER -