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Nonlinear Degrees of Freedom of Born-Infeld New Massive Gravity

  • Zeynep Su Koc
  • Bayram Tekin
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Abstract

Born-Infeld New Massive Gravity (BINMG) is an all-order curvature extension of New Massive Gravity in three dimensions, whose linearized spectrum around its unique maximally symmetric vacuum contains the two polarizations of a massive spin-two field. Whether an additional scalar degree of freedom appears in the full nonlinear theory has remained an open question. We perform a nonlinear canonical analysis of BINMG using its auxiliary-metric formulation. On the regular branch connected to the maximally symmetric vacuum, the Dirac algorithm yields three first-class diffeomorphism constraints and a second-class pair of scalar constraints. The resulting count gives exactly two local degrees of freedom per spatial point. Thus, nonlinear BINMG propagates no additional Boulware-Deser-type scalar mode on this branch.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{koc2026nonlinear,
  title = {{Nonlinear Degrees of Freedom of Born-Infeld New Massive Gravity}},
  author = {Zeynep Su Koc and Bayram Tekin},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.12828},
  eprint = {2609.12828},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.12828},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Nonlinear Degrees of Freedom of Born-Infeld New Massive Gravity
AU  - Zeynep Su Koc
AU  - Bayram Tekin
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/11
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.12828
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.12828
AB  - Born-Infeld New Massive Gravity (BINMG) is an all-order curvature extension of New Massive Gravity in three dimensions, whose linearized spectrum around its unique maximally symmetric vacuum contains the two polarizations of a massive spin-two field. Whether an additional scalar degree of freedom appears in the full nonlinear theory has remained an open question. We perform a nonlinear canonical analysis of BINMG using its auxiliary-metric formulation. On the regular branch connected to the maximally symmetric vacuum, the Dirac algorithm yields three first-class diffeomorphism constraints and a second-class pair of scalar constraints. The resulting count gives exactly two local degrees of freedom per spatial point. Thus, nonlinear BINMG propagates no additional Boulware-Deser-type scalar mode on this branch.
ER  -