Vanadium-based metal-organic frameworks as superior electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors: a comparative study with vanadium sulfides and phosphates.
- 1Renewable Energy Research Laboratory, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology Topi Swabi Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 23460 Pakistan [email protected].
Abstract
Recent advancement in electrode materials for achieving high energy density, rapid power supply, and optimal cycling reliability have seen a staggering surge because of significant advancements in energy storage devices. In the modern era, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and transition metal sulfides and phosphates have emerged as viable candidates for high-performance electrode materials. Among these, MOFs have gained prominence as electrode materials due to their porous architecture, large surface area, and abundant active sites. Herein, three vanadium-based electrode materials, vanadium-1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (V-BTCA), vanadium sulfide (VS), and vanadium phosphate (VPO₄), were synthesized and comparatively investigated for electrochemical hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) applications. We conducted an in-depth investigation to elucidate the effects of the linker, sulfide, and phosphate on the electrochemical properties of vanadium-based materials. Of the three materials, V-BTCA was identified as the optimum material and coupled with activated carbon (AC) to form an HSC device. The V-BTCA//AC device delivered excellent performance with a specific capacity (Q s) of 730 C g⁻¹ at 0.8 A g⁻¹, an energy density (E d) of 73.1 Wh kg⁻¹, a power density (P d) of 6800 W kg⁻¹, and the lowest equivalent series resistance (ESR) value of 0.45 Ω, along with 92.83% stability and a coulombic efficiency of 98.15%. Furthermore, the power law was applied to verify the charge-storage behavior of hybrid devices, with b-values of 0.66-0.71, confirming their hybrid nature. The assembled hybrid device showed strong potential for energy storage applications, highlighting the critical role of electrode compatibility and device-level integration in achieving balanced HSC performance, with V-BTCA//AC exhibiting the most favorable overall performance among the investigated devices.
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BibTeX
@article{zada2026vanadiumbased,
title = {{Vanadium-based metal-organic frameworks as superior electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors: a comparative study with vanadium sulfides and phosphates.}},
author = {Taimoor Zada and Usman Habib and Hafsa Naseer and Saqib Javed and Yaseen Muhammad and Sana Azmat},
journal = {RSC advances},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1039/d6ra07762e},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42846254},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Vanadium-based metal-organic frameworks as superior electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors: a comparative study with vanadium sulfides and phosphates.
AU - Taimoor Zada
AU - Usman Habib
AU - Hafsa Naseer
AU - Saqib Javed
AU - Yaseen Muhammad
AU - Sana Azmat
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/07
JO - RSC advances
DO - 10.1039/d6ra07762e
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42846254
AB - Recent advancement in electrode materials for achieving high energy density, rapid power supply, and optimal cycling reliability have seen a staggering surge because of significant advancements in energy storage devices. In the modern era, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and transition metal sulfides and phosphates have emerged as viable candidates for high-performance electrode materials. Among these, MOFs have gained prominence as electrode materials due to their porous architecture, large surface area, and abundant active sites. Herein, three vanadium-based electrode materials, vanadium-1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (V-BTCA), vanadium sulfide (VS), and vanadium phosphate (VPO₄), were synthesized and comparatively investigated for electrochemical hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) applications. We conducted an in-depth investigation to elucidate the effects of the linker, sulfide, and phosphate on the electrochemical properties of vanadium-based materials. Of the three materials, V-BTCA was identified as the optimum material and coupled with activated carbon (AC) to form an HSC device. The V-BTCA//AC device delivered excellent performance with a specific capacity (Q s) of 730 C g⁻¹ at 0.8 A g⁻¹, an energy density (E d) of 73.1 Wh kg⁻¹, a power density (P d) of 6800 W kg⁻¹, and the lowest equivalent series resistance (ESR) value of 0.45 Ω, along with 92.83% stability and a coulombic efficiency of 98.15%. Furthermore, the power law was applied to verify the charge-storage behavior of hybrid devices, with b-values of 0.66-0.71, confirming their hybrid nature. The assembled hybrid device showed strong potential for energy storage applications, highlighting the critical role of electrode compatibility and device-level integration in achieving balanced HSC performance, with V-BTCA//AC exhibiting the most favorable overall performance among the investigated devices.
SN - 2046-2069
ER -