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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Oncology

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma containing two cancerous components: two case reports

  • Qiuyue Mou1,2,3
  • Dan Li4
  • Dan Qin1,2,3
  • Kaiyu Li1,2,3
  • Minhai Nie1,2,3
  • Yaoqiang Liu5
  • Xuqian Liu1,2,3
5 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Basic Medical Sciences of Oral Medicine, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University
  2. 2Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthetic Reconstruction and Regeneration Luzhou City
  3. 3Institute of Stomatology, Southwest Medical University
  4. 4Department of Pathology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
  5. 5Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University
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Abstract

Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a rare epithelial malignancy arising from benign pleomorphic adenoma. Cases with two distinct malignant components are exceedingly rare. Nonspecific clinical and imaging features and heterogeneous histology hinder differentiation from other salivary gland tumors, risking misdiagnosis and suboptimal therapy. We report two CXPA cases with dual malignant components and review the literature. Diagnosis relied on histopathology, immunohistochemistry, special stains, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); both cases showed two malignant components. Histopathology with IHC and FISH was essential, revealing morphological diversity and diagnostic complexity. Literature review confirms rarity and the inadequacy of preoperative clinical and radiological evaluation alone for distinction. Dual-malignant CXPA is a rare diagnostic challenge. Our observations may aid clinicians in reducing misdiagnosis and guiding management.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{mou2026carcinoma,
  title = {{Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma containing two cancerous components: two case reports}},
  author = {Qiuyue Mou and Dan Li and Dan Qin and Kaiyu Li and Minhai Nie and Yaoqiang Liu and Xuqian Liu},
  journal = {Frontiers in Oncology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fonc.2026.1981963},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1981963/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma containing two cancerous components: two case reports
AU  - Qiuyue Mou
AU  - Dan Li
AU  - Dan Qin
AU  - Kaiyu Li
AU  - Minhai Nie
AU  - Yaoqiang Liu
AU  - Xuqian Liu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/22
JO  - Frontiers in Oncology
DO  - 10.3389/fonc.2026.1981963
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1981963/full
AB  - Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a rare epithelial malignancy arising from benign pleomorphic adenoma. Cases with two distinct malignant components are exceedingly rare. Nonspecific clinical and imaging features and heterogeneous histology hinder differentiation from other salivary gland tumors, risking misdiagnosis and suboptimal therapy. We report two CXPA cases with dual malignant components and review the literature. Diagnosis relied on histopathology, immunohistochemistry, special stains, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); both cases showed two malignant components. Histopathology with IHC and FISH was essential, revealing morphological diversity and diagnostic complexity. Literature review confirms rarity and the inadequacy of preoperative clinical and radiological evaluation alone for distinction. Dual-malignant CXPA is a rare diagnostic challenge. Our observations may aid clinicians in reducing misdiagnosis and guiding management.
SN  - 2234-943X
ER  -