Morphological changes in peripheral blood of patients with type I and type II cryoglobulinemia.
- 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
- 2Beijing Xiaoying Technology Co., LTD, Beijing, 100084, China.
Abstract
Objective
To reveal the clinical diagnostic value of peripheral blood morphological examination by observing the morphological changes of peripheral blood in patients with type I and type II cryoglobulinemia.Methods
This study included 11 patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital who showed cryoglobulin crystal changes in peripheral blood morphology. Of these, 6 cases were diagnosed by electrophoresis as type I cryoglobulinemia and 5 as type II cryoglobulinemia, and their morphological changes were comprehensively summarized.Results
Morphological examination of samples containing cryoglobulin crystals revealed the following findings: (1) In type I cryoglobulinemia, erythrocytes were observed encircling the cryoglobulin crystals, whereas in type II cryoglobulinemia, erythrocytes typically did not encircle the crystals unless cryoglobulin levels reached a specific threshold. (2) The morphology of the cryoglobulin crystals varied with time and temperature. (3) Under the microscope, cryoglobulin crystals in type I cryoglobulinemia appeared pale pink, whereas in type II cryoglobulinemia they were light gray and very faint, making them difficult to observe; imaging systems or automated scanners were therefore needed for better visualization.Conclusion
Compared with normal blood smears, cryoglobulin crystals exhibited significant morphological changes. The use of wet blood smears, low-power lenses, and oil-immersion lenses can reveal diverse morphological features that may vary with time and temperature. Therefore, timely attention to peripheral blood morphological changes plays a crucial role in clinical laboratory testing.
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BibTeX
@article{sun2026morphological,
title = {{Morphological changes in peripheral blood of patients with type I and type II cryoglobulinemia.}},
author = {Shengli Sun and Geng Wang and Xin Wang and Zhejun Fang and Wei Wu},
journal = {Practical laboratory medicine},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1016/j.plabm.2026.e00560},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910020},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Morphological changes in peripheral blood of patients with type I and type II cryoglobulinemia.
AU - Shengli Sun
AU - Geng Wang
AU - Xin Wang
AU - Zhejun Fang
AU - Wei Wu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/29
JO - Practical laboratory medicine
DO - 10.1016/j.plabm.2026.e00560
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42910020
AB - Objective To reveal the clinical diagnostic value of peripheral blood morphological examination by observing the morphological changes of peripheral blood in patients with type I and type II cryoglobulinemia.Methods This study included 11 patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital who showed cryoglobulin crystal changes in peripheral blood morphology. Of these, 6 cases were diagnosed by electrophoresis as type I cryoglobulinemia and 5 as type II cryoglobulinemia, and their morphological changes were comprehensively summarized.Results Morphological examination of samples containing cryoglobulin crystals revealed the following findings: (1) In type I cryoglobulinemia, erythrocytes were observed encircling the cryoglobulin crystals, whereas in type II cryoglobulinemia, erythrocytes typically did not encircle the crystals unless cryoglobulin levels reached a specific threshold. (2) The morphology of the cryoglobulin crystals varied with time and temperature. (3) Under the microscope, cryoglobulin crystals in type I cryoglobulinemia appeared pale pink, whereas in type II cryoglobulinemia they were light gray and very faint, making them difficult to observe; imaging systems or automated scanners were therefore needed for better visualization.Conclusion Compared with normal blood smears, cryoglobulin crystals exhibited significant morphological changes. The use of wet blood smears, low-power lenses, and oil-immersion lenses can reveal diverse morphological features that may vary with time and temperature. Therefore, timely attention to peripheral blood morphological changes plays a crucial role in clinical laboratory testing.
SN - 2352-5517
ER -